Household secondary attack rate amongst the susceptible contacts of COVID-19 cases and its epidemiological profile: A retrospective study from central Gujarat, India

Vaidehi S. Gohil, Venu R. Shah, Rujul P. Shukla
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Secondary attack rate (SAR) is a proportion of primary contacts developing the diseases within the incubation period upon exposure to a primary case among the total susceptible household contacts. The epidemiological profile and SAR will help in understanding the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 for further strengthening preventive and effective control measures. The study was conducted with the primary objective to estimate the household SAR of COVID-19 cases at Mahisagar District, Gujarat, and to study the epidemiological profile of primary and secondary cases of COVID-19. A retrospective study was conducted to estimate SAR among 245 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 898 susceptible household contacts in Mahisagar district through telephonic interview and questionnaire by the Investigator team. The household SAR was calculated from the current study in Mahisagar district, Gujarat, and was 13.9%. Among primary cases, 74.7% males were affected, and among secondary cases, 52.8% females were affected. The SAR among elderly was 23.9%, and the SAR among children was 3.9%. 74.1% household contacts had developed disease among symptomatic contacts as compared to asymptomatic household contacts. The household SAR in Mahisagar district, Gujarat, was found to be 13.9%. In primary cases, more males, and in secondary cases, more females were found to be affected. The household SAR was increased in elderly as compared to the younger age group. The SAR was more among the contacts of symptomatic cases than asymptomatic cases. Overall hospitalization in public hospitals was more than that in private hospitals.
COVID-19 病例易感接触者的家庭二次发病率及其流行病学概况:印度古吉拉特邦中部的一项回顾性研究
ABSTRACT Secondary Attack Rate (SAR) 是指易感家庭接触者总数中,接触原发病例后在潜伏期内发病的原发接触者所占的比例。流行病学概况和二次发病率有助于了解 COVID-19 的传播动态,从而进一步加强预防和有效控制措施。 这项研究的主要目的是估算古吉拉特邦马希萨格地区 COVID-19 病例的家庭 SAR,并研究 COVID-19 初诊和复诊病例的流行病学概况。 调查组通过电话访谈和问卷调查,对马希萨格尔地区的245例COVID-19确诊病例和898名易感家庭接触者进行了回顾性研究,以估计SAR。 根据古吉拉特邦马希萨加尔地区的本次研究计算出的家庭 SAR 为 13.9%。在原发性病例中,74.7%为男性患者,而在继发性病例中,52.8%为女性患者。老年人的感染率为 23.9%,儿童的感染率为 3.9%。与无症状的家庭接触者相比,有症状的家庭接触者中有 74.1%的人发病。 古吉拉特邦马希萨加尔区的家庭感染率为 13.9%。在原发性病例中,男性患者较多,而在继发性病例中,女性患者较多。与年轻人相比,老年人的家庭感染率更高。有症状病例的接触者比无症状病例的接触者感染率更高。公立医院的总体住院率高于私立医院。
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