Self-Medication Practices among Adult Population in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Epidemiologia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.3390/epidemiologia5020010

Nitai Roy, Md. Nazrul Islam, M. Shahjalal, Aysha Siddiky, Sultan Mahmud Imran, Md. Aktarujjaman, Md. Mobarak Hossain, Bryan T. Rogers, Kamal Krishna Biswas, Ekhtear Hossain

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Abstract

Background: The practice of self-medication (SM) is common worldwide and is an important component of medical self-care. However, improper practice can be dangerous. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SM and the factors associated with it among Bangladeshi adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and June 2021 among Bangladeshi adults (aged > 19 years) using convenient sampling. A total of 1320 subjects were collected through face-to-face interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the practice of SM. Results: Overall, 41% of adults in our survey reported SMP. The most common illnesses that prompted SM were common cold/flu (66.4%), gastric problems (65%), and headache (64.4%). The most frequent reasons for SM were to get better-perceived quality of care (30.6%), perceiving SM without side effects (23.3%), and saving time with effectiveness (14.56%). Potential risk factors included 10 years (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.04–3.50) and >12 years of schooling (AOR = 5.03; 95% CI: 2.27–11.15), being a businessman (AOR = 4.64; 95% CI: 1.74–12.37), having ≤6 family members (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.40–3.24), being a member of a social group (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.10–2.12), a health status check after every six months (AOR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.08–2.13), and current ill-health (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.06–1.87). Protective factors identified included ≤30 years of age (AOR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.17–0.93), and practice of modern (AOR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.22–0.69) and herbal (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21–0.97) treatment modality. Conclusion: More than one-third of the study participants reported practicing SM. Increasing the community’s awareness of the adverse outcomes of SM and not just the average experience might sway individuals away from SM, and implementing strict jurisdiction could be a way to minimize inappropriate SM.

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孟加拉国成年人的自我药疗习惯：一项横断面研究

背景：自我药疗（SM）的做法在全世界都很普遍，是医疗自我保健的重要组成部分。然而，不恰当的做法可能会带来危险。本研究旨在估算孟加拉成年人中自我药疗的流行率及其相关因素。研究方法2021 年 4 月至 6 月期间，采用方便抽样法对孟加拉国成年人（年龄大于 19 岁）进行了横断面调查。通过使用标准化问卷进行面对面访谈，共收集了 1320 名调查对象。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与 SM 实践相关的因素。结果显示在我们的调查中，有 41% 的成年人报告了 SM。导致SMP的最常见疾病是普通感冒/流感（66.4%）、胃病（65%）和头痛（64.4%）。进行 SM 的最常见原因是获得更好的医疗质量（30.6%）、认为 SM 无副作用（23.3%）和有效节省时间（14.56%）。潜在的风险因素包括 10 年（AOR = 1.91；95% CI：1.04-3.50）和大于 12 年的学校教育（AOR = 5.03；95% CI：2.27-11.15）、商人（AOR = 4.64；95% CI：1.74-12.37）、家庭成员≤6 人（AOR = 2.13；95% CI：1.40-3.24）、社会团体成员（AOR = 1.53；95% CI：1.10-2.12）、每六个月进行一次健康状况检查（AOR = 1.52；95% CI：1.08-2.13）以及当前健康状况不佳（AOR = 1.41；95% CI：1.06-1.87）。已确定的保护因素包括年龄≤30 岁（AOR = 0.40；95% CI：0.17-0.93），以及采用现代（AOR = 0.39；95% CI：0.22-0.69）和草药（AOR = 0.45；95% CI：0.21-0.97）治疗方式。结论超过三分之一的研究参与者表示自己在进行 SM 治疗。提高社会对SM不良后果的认识，而不仅仅是一般的经验，可能会使人们远离SM，而实施严格的司法管辖可能是尽量减少不当SM的一种方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Epidemiologia

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