Allele Profiling of Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes Xa4, Xa38, and Xa21 in Selected Sri Lankan Rice Germplasm

I. K. Edirisinghe, K. Thamali, N.H.L.D.L.D. Nanayakkara, D.M.L.N.K. Dissanayake, L.A.R Amarathunge, W.D.P. Weerasinghe, L.D.B. Suriyagoda, S.A.C.N. Perera, D. Jayatilake, K. Thamali, Dissanayake D.M.L.N. Amarathunge
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Abstract

In rice, resistance to bacterial blight (BB) is conveyed by several Xa genes, among which Xa4, Xa21 and Xa38 convey durable resistance. Most Sri Lankan rice germplasm is uncharacterized for the alleles carried at Xa genes. Knowledge on the allele profile of major Xa genes of rice accessions/varieties is essential for making informed decisions in rice breeding programs. In the current study, the allele profiles of 42 Sri Lankan rice accessions/varieties were developed targeting three Xa genes (Xa4, Xa21, and Xa38) using intragenic/linked markers amplifying known resistance/susceptible alleles. According to allele profiles, the rice accessions/varieties were grouped into 11 allele-haplotypes. The varieties, Bg 250, Bg 251 and At 354 carried resistance alleles at Xa4, Xa21, and Xa38 (H1 and H3). Most other accessions/varieties reported either one (Xa4- H8 and Xa38- H10) or two resistance alleles (Xa4 and Xa21- H2; Xa4 and Xa38- H9; Xa21 and Xa38- H11). Three allele-haplotypes were reported with a novel allele at Xa4 (H4, H5, and H6). Ma wee and Kuru wee reported susceptible alleles at all three Xa genes (H7). A significant association (p≤0.05) between the Xa allele-haplotypes and the BB disease response was not observed. To achieve durable BB disease resistance in rice, it is recommended to introgress resistance alleles of the major Xa genes when releasing rice varieties, for which the reported allele profile of Xa4, Xa21 and Xa38 genes in the selected panel of Sri Lankan rice varieties/accessions will be of great importance.
斯里兰卡水稻种质中抗细菌性枯萎病基因 Xa4、Xa38 和 Xa21 的等位基因分析
水稻对细菌性枯萎病(BB)的抗性由多个 Xa 基因传递,其中 Xa4、Xa21 和 Xa38 传递持久的抗性。大多数斯里兰卡水稻种质的 Xa 基因所携带的等位基因尚未定性。要在水稻育种计划中做出明智的决策,就必须了解水稻品种主要 Xa 基因的等位基因特征。在本研究中,利用扩增已知抗性/易感等位基因的基因内/连锁标记,以三个 Xa 基因(Xa4、Xa21 和 Xa38)为目标,绘制了 42 个斯里兰卡水稻品种的等位基因图谱。根据等位基因图谱,水稻品种被分为 11 个等位基因单倍型。品种 Bg 250、Bg 251 和 At 354 在 Xa4、Xa21 和 Xa38(H1 和 H3)上带有抗性等位基因。大多数其他登录品种/变种报告了一个(Xa4- H8 和 Xa38-H10)或两个抗性等位基因(Xa4 和 Xa21-H2;Xa4 和 Xa38-H9;Xa21 和 Xa38-H11)。报告了三种等位基因单倍型,其中 Xa4 有一个新等位基因(H4、H5 和 H6)。Ma wee 和 Kuru wee 报告了所有三个 Xa 基因的易感等位基因(H7)。在 Xa 等位基因组型与 BB 病害反应之间没有观察到明显的关联(p≤0.05)。为了实现水稻对 BB 病害的持久抗性,建议在发布水稻品种时导入主要 Xa 基因的抗性等位基因。
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