S2O: A smart objects orchestrator framework based on the web of things

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1016/j.scico.2024.103130

Imene Mezenner, Samia Bouyakoub, Fayçal M'hamed Bouyakoub

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Web of Things (WoT) is a new paradigm in which everyday objects are connected to the Internet using popular Web technologies. The smart things are abstracted into RESTful Web services to facilitate their manipulation. The composition of these objects within the same business process creates an automated, time-synchronized routine that can perform even the most complex tasks. BPEL is an orchestration language that defines the process responsible for coordinating the Web services involved. However, this language presents some limitations in this context. BPEL 2.0 does not support RESTful Web services; its specification is incompatible with this architectural style of services. Moreover, its temporal expressivity is insufficient to cover all the constraints that may arise when composing services. This work aims to adapt BPEL to the requirements of the WoT environment, enabling it to create processes that invoke the smart things in precise time intervals. The solution is to exploit one of BPEL's strengths: its extensibility. The BPEL specification is enriched with four activities that reflect the REST uniform interface. They include the necessary attributes to send the request to the target object and receive the response in convened format representation. Also, temporal attributes are added to BPEL elements to schedule their start, end, and duration of execution. The manual addition of these temporal values requires a verification of their accuracy. The BPEL process must be reviewed to ensure its validity before its execution. A temporal Petri Net is proposed to detect any conflicts or inconsistencies between BPEL activities. As a result, associating the formal model with the extension allows BPEL to orchestrate smart things represented by RESTful Web services according to a well-defined temporal scenario. They respect the REST constraints and provide the BPEL activities with temporal attributes for efficient time management. The approach can be applied in all application areas to create temporal scenarios.

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S2O：基于物联网的智能物体协调器框架

物联网（WoT）是一种利用流行的网络技术将日常物品连接到互联网的新模式。智能物品被抽象为 RESTful 网络服务，以方便对其进行操作。在同一业务流程中，这些对象的组合可以创建一个自动化、时间同步的例程，甚至可以执行最复杂的任务。BPEL 是一种协调语言，它定义了负责协调相关 Web 服务的流程。然而，这种语言在这种情况下存在一些局限性。BPEL 2.0 不支持 RESTful Web 服务；其规范与这种服务架构风格不兼容。此外，它的时态表达能力不足以涵盖服务组合时可能出现的所有约束。这项工作旨在使 BPEL 适应 WoT 环境的要求，使其能够创建在精确时间间隔内调用智能设备的流程。解决方案是利用 BPEL 的优势之一：可扩展性。BPEL 规范通过四种反映 REST 统一接口的活动得到了丰富。它们包括向目标对象发送请求和接收以召集格式表示的响应所需的属性。此外，BPEL 元素还添加了时间属性，以安排其执行的开始、结束和持续时间。手动添加这些时间值需要验证其准确性。BPEL 流程在执行前必须经过审核，以确保其有效性。建议使用时态 Petri 网来检测 BPEL 活动之间的任何冲突或不一致。因此，将形式模型与扩展关联起来，BPEL 就能根据定义明确的时态场景，协调由 RESTful Web 服务表示的智能事物。它们尊重 REST 约束，并为 BPEL 活动提供时间属性，以实现高效的时间管理。这种方法可应用于所有应用领域，以创建时间场景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science of Computer Programming 工程技术-计算机：软件工程

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Science of Computer Programming is dedicated to the distribution of research results in the areas of software systems development, use and maintenance, including the software aspects of hardware design. The journal has a wide scope ranging from the many facets of methodological foundations to the details of technical issues andthe aspects of industrial practice. The subjects of interest to SCP cover the entire spectrum of methods for the entire life cycle of software systems, including • Requirements, specification, design, validation, verification, coding, testing, maintenance, metrics and renovation of software; • Design, implementation and evaluation of programming languages; • Programming environments, development tools, visualisation and animation; • Management of the development process; • Human factors in software, software for social interaction, software for social computing; • Cyber physical systems, and software for the interaction between the physical and the machine; • Software aspects of infrastructure services, system administration, and network management.