A case of lepromatous leprosy in a background of chronic hepatitis B infection

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_589_23

C. A. Jayashankar, Bhanu Prakash, Seetha Venkata Sai Raghava Prashanthi, N. Bhat, Amey Joshi, Girish Narayanaswamy

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection that primarily affects developing and underdeveloped countries. Co-infection with the hepatitis B virus can complicate its natural course by altering the host immune system response and thereby the disease outcomes. Early detection and treatment of the disease is thus imperative for preventing debilitating deformities. Several studies have shown positive viral markers for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B in patients with leprosy. However, in the Indian subcontinent, we have limited evidence highlighting this correlation. We present a case of a 42-year-old male with chronic hepatitis B infection presenting with new-onset lepromatous leprosy. The patient was successfully managed with a multibacillary multidrug regimen. In patients with hepatitis B co-infection, clinicians must be vigilant about the higher risk of complications and poorer patient outcomes. Extensive longitudinal studies assessing the correlation between leprosy and hepatitis B in India can help tailor future guidelines for management.

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一例慢性乙型肝炎感染背景下的麻风病人

摘要麻风病是一种慢性肉芽肿感染，主要影响发展中国家和欠发达国家。同时感染乙型肝炎病毒会改变宿主免疫系统的反应，从而使麻风病的自然病程复杂化。因此，早期发现和治疗该疾病对于防止畸形致残至关重要。多项研究显示，麻风病人体内的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和乙型肝炎病毒标记物呈阳性。然而，在印度次大陆，我们只有有限的证据表明这种相关性。我们报告了一例 42 岁男性慢性乙型肝炎感染者合并新发麻风病的病例。该患者在接受多种细菌性多药方案治疗后获得成功。对于乙型肝炎合并感染的患者，临床医生必须警惕并发症的高风险和较差的预后。对印度麻风病和乙型肝炎之间的相关性进行广泛的纵向研究评估，有助于制定未来的管理指南。

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Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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