Eriobotrya japonica Fermentation with Plant-Derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MSC-5T Ameliorates Antioxidant Activity in HEK293 Cells

Abstract

Oxidative stress from an excess of radical compounds generally impacts apoptosis and inflammation. The use of probiotics, therefore, has emerged as a favorable tool to suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of plant-derived Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum MSC-5T fermented in Eriobotrya japonica (EJ) aqueous extract. In the in vitro study, the extract fermented with the MSC-5T strain markedly decreased the cell death of H2O2-induced HEK293 cells. In addition, the fermented extract showed a protective effect against fungal toxin ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CTN). Regarding the evaluation of glutathione homeostasis, it can be clearly seen that pretreatment of HEK293 cells with fermented EJ extract greatly increased glutathione (GSH) levels, while unfermented extract did not affect the cellular GSH content. Furthermore, we identified a bioactive compound as pyrocatechol, which displayed significant antioxidation activity. The extract fermented for 48 h with the MSC-5T strain in EJ extract produces 167.4 μg/mL pyrocatechol.