Evaluation of the Impact of Screen Time and Parental Play on Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder in Comparison with Normal Children

Fidal Hastro P, Mukkala Prajwala
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Abstract

Background: There is a decremental trend seen in parental play in recent times, and there is a mounting trend in screen exposure in children. This changing trend in parental play and screen time exposure may affect child social and communication domains.Objective: To assess the impact of screen time and parental play in children with autism spectrum disorder.Methodology: This is a comparative cross sectional study with a sample of 60 children. Thirty children of age group 2-6 years diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder as per DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) attending child guidance Clinic, Government Hospital for Mental care were included in the study.The Parental Play Questionnaire assessed parental play in children. The Digital Screen Exposure Questionnaire(DSEQ) evaluated child screen time exposure. The severity of ASD was assessed by using the CARS scale.Results: Out of thirty samples with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 60% of children had moderate ASD, while 20% accounted for mild and severe ASD. Nearly 53.3% of ASD children had a frequency of watching smartphones more than 5 times a week with an average duration of more than 2 hours a day. In contrast, in normal children, only 6.7% have such frequency and an average time of watching smartphones less than 1 hour, significant with a p-value of <0.001. Among the ASD group, 80% of children had active physical parent-child play frequency of less than twice a week. In normal children, about 60% had a frequency of parent-child play several times daily.(p-value <0.001). About 66.7% of ASD children never had to pretend play, and 30% had pretend play once a week.Conclusion: The result showed significantly higher screen time exposure and lack of parental play in childrenwith ASD than in normal children. The need of this digital era is mounting concern about reducing screen time exposure and increasing parental play in childhood.
与正常儿童相比,评估屏幕时间和父母游戏对自闭症谱系障碍儿童的影响
背景:近来,父母玩耍的时间有减少的趋势,而儿童接触屏幕的时间有增加的趋势。父母游戏和接触屏幕时间的这种变化趋势可能会影响儿童的社交和沟通领域:评估屏幕时间和父母游戏对自闭症谱系障碍儿童的影响:这是一项横断面比较研究,样本为 60 名儿童。根据 DSM-5(《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》),30 名 2-6 岁年龄组的儿童被诊断为患有自闭症谱系障碍,他们在政府精神病院儿童指导诊所就诊。父母游戏问卷 "评估了儿童的父母游戏情况。"数字屏幕暴露问卷 "评估了儿童的屏幕暴露情况。自闭症严重程度采用 CARS 量表进行评估:在 30 个自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)样本中,60% 的儿童患有中度自闭症谱系障碍,20% 的儿童患有轻度和重度自闭症谱系障碍。近 53.3% 的自闭症儿童每周观看智能手机的次数超过 5 次,平均每天观看时间超过 2 小时。相比之下,正常儿童中仅有 6.7% 有此频率,且平均观看智能手机的时间少于 1 小时,P 值小于 0.001,差异显著。在 ASD 组别中,80% 的儿童每周进行少于两次积极的亲子体育游戏。而在正常儿童中,约 60% 的儿童每天有数次亲子游戏(P 值<0.001)。约66.7%的ASD儿童从未进行过假装游戏,30%的儿童每周进行一次假装游戏:结论:研究结果表明,患有 ASD 的儿童接触屏幕的时间明显高于正常儿童,而且他们缺乏亲子游戏。在这个数字时代,减少儿童接触屏幕的时间和增加父母与儿童的游戏日益受到关注。
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