Peri-implantitis treatment modalities:A Narrative review

Abstract

Background: Implant Dentistry was created to show reliable treatment approaches for restoring the oral cavity’s esthetic and function. However, while dental implants have a high long-term success rate, dental implants are exposed to mechanical or biological complications. The therapeutic approaches will be addressed in this review. Materials and methods: Different data sources were used to conduct the literature search from 2010 to 2022 for treatment methods of peri-implantitis. Results: In the study of the effect of laser, 16 items were selected for inclusion in this review. In the next step of study, we compared pre-implantitis treatment methods based on surgical and non-surgical methods without considering the drug method and finally 12 articles were included. In the final part of the study, we evaluated the effect of drug treatment on pre-implantation and 10 articles were included. Conclusion: Peri-implantitis appears to be a multifactorial disease including the patient’s host/microbe response, implant characteristics, soft tissue and the hard conditions surrounding the implant, and the dentist’s surgical and prosthetic part experience. Different treatment modalities are present today, all are used to treat peri-implantitis, such as surgery, and laser therapy. Even though the different treatment modalities cannot be comparable, however, the outcome of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is good.  In peri-implant mucositis, non-surgical treatment seems to be sufficient. However, for the treatment of peri-implantitis, a surgical approach, which includes open-flap debridement, apically positioned flap and guided bone regeneration, is considered more appropriate.