POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA KEPITING BAKAU (SCYLLA SERRATA) DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR

Abstract

Indragiri Hilir Regency also has quite a large crab cultivation potential. The potential for crab cultivation fishery land reaches 14,500.00 Ha, but it has not yet been utilized optimally. This research aims to: (1) determine the potential of the aquaculture sector in Indragiri Hilir Regency, (2) determine aquaculture commodities in Indragiri Hilir Regency, and (3) determine the technology for cultivating mud crabs (Scylla serrata). This research uses a descriptive research approach. Primary data collection was carried out using participant observation methods, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and FGD (focus group discussions), as well as in situ and ex situ measurements of water and soil quality parameters. The data was analyzed using Shift share analysis, LQ analysis, Agglomeration analysis and Specialization analysis, as well as descriptive analysis. Indragiri Hilir Regency has a potential area of fishery cultivation reaching 35,195.89 ha, but only 1,515.00 ha (4.30%) has been utilized. The contribution of the fisheries sector to the GDP of Indragiri Hilir Regency in 2013 - 2017 averaged 20.84%. The fisheries sector is the base sector in Indragiri Hilir Regency. The fisheries sector is classified as a specialized business in Indragiri Hilir Regency so it has a competitive advantage. The leading commodity in the aquaculture sector in Indragiri Hilir Regency is Mud Crab (Scylla serrata). Based on water quality measurements, it shows that the main parameters of water quality at the research location are in accordance with the mud crab habitat quality index   Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir juga memiliki potensi budidaya kepiting yang cukup besar. Potensi lahan perikanan budidaya kepiting mencapai 14.500,00 Ha, namun belum belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui potensi sektor perikanan budidaya di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir,  (2) menentukan komoditas perikanan budidaya di Indragiri Hilir, dan (3) mengetahui teknologi budidaya kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan metoda participant observation, wawancara mendalam, kuesioner, dan FGD (focus group discussion), serta pengukuran secara in situ dan ex situ terhadap parameter kualitas air dan tanah. Data dianaisis dengan analisis shift share, analisis LQ, analisis Aglomerasi dan analisis Spesialisasi, serta analisis secara deskriptif. Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir memiliki potensi luas lahan budidaya perikanan mencapai 35.195,89 ha, namun baru dimanfaatkan sebesaar 1.515,00 ha (4,30%). Kontribusi sektor perikanan terhadap PDRB Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir pada Tahun 2013 – 2017 rata-rata sebesar 20,84%. Sektor perikanan merupakan sektor basis di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Sektor perikanan tergolong usaha tersepesialisasi di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir sehingga memiliki keunggulan kompetitif. Komoditas unggulan sektor perikanan budidaya di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir adalah Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata). Berdasarkan pengukuran kualitas perairan menunjukkan bahwa parameter utama kualitas air pada lokasi penelitian sesuai dengan indeks kualitas habitat kepiting bakau.