Identification of superior genotypes for leaf architecture traits in Sorghum bicolor through GGE biplot analysis

Runfeng Wang, Yingxing Zhao, Hailian Wang, E. Chen, Feifei Li, Shaoming Huang, Ling Qin, Yan-bing Yang, Yan'an Guan, Bin Liu, Hua-wen Zhang
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Abstract

Context Well-organised leaf architecture produces compact canopies and allows for greater sunlight penetration, higher photosynthetic rates, and thus greater yields. Breeding for enhanced leaf architecture of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), a key food source in semi-arid regions, benefits its overall production. Aims The study focuses on selecting useful genotypes with excellent leaf architecture for grain sorghum improvement. Methods In total, 185 sorghum genotypes were subjected to multi-environment trials. Leaf flagging-point length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf angle and leaf orientation value (LOV) were characterised under field conditions. Genotype + genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis was used to identify the most stable genotypes with the highest LOV. Key results Statistical analysis showed significant effects of genotype × environment interaction (P < 0.001), and high broad-sense heritability for the traits. Correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations (P < 0.001) between LOV and its components. Singular value decomposition of LOVs in the first two principal components explained 89.19% of the total variation. GGE biplot analysis identified G55 as the ideotype with the highest and most stable LOV. Conclusions Leaf architecture optimisation should be given greater attention. This study has identified a genotype with optimal and stable leaf architecture, laying the foundation for improvement in breeding to increase overall yields of sorghum. Implications Genotype G55 can be utilised as a parent with other parents that display economically important characteristics in breeding programs to produce offspring that can be planted densely to increase population yields. Genotypes identified with loose leaf architecture are useful in dissecting genes controlling leaf architecture by crossing with G55 to construct genetic mapping populations.
通过 GGE 双图分析鉴定高粱双色叶片结构特征的优良基因型
背景 井然有序的叶片结构可形成紧凑的冠层,使阳光穿透力更强,光合速率更高,从而提高产量。高粱(Sorghum bicolor L.)是半干旱地区的主要食物来源,通过育种增强高粱的叶片结构可提高其整体产量。目的 本研究的重点是选育具有优良叶片结构的有用基因型,以改良谷物高粱。方法 共有 185 个高粱基因型接受了多环境试验。在田间条件下,对叶片旗点长度、叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶片角度和叶片取向值(LOV)进行了表征。通过基因型 + 基因型 × 环境交互作用(GGE)双图分析,确定了 LOV 值最高的最稳定基因型。主要结果 统计分析显示,基因型 × 环境交互作用具有显著影响(P < 0.001),性状的广义遗传率较高。相关分析表明,LOV 与其成分之间存在负相关(P < 0.001)。前两个主成分中 LOV 的奇异值分解解释了 89.19% 的总变异。GGE 双图谱分析表明,G55 是 LOV 最高且最稳定的表意型。结论 应更加重视叶片结构优化。本研究发现了一个叶片结构最佳且稳定的基因型,为育种改良以提高高粱的总产量奠定了基础。启示 在育种计划中,基因型 G55 可与其他具有重要经济特性的亲本一起作为亲本,培育出可以密植的后代,以提高群体产量。叶片结构疏松的基因型可通过与 G55 杂交来构建基因图谱群体,从而有助于剖析控制叶片结构的基因。
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