Bioecological properties of honey-bearing plants of the Umbrella family and resource potential land for honey collection

Abstract

Beekeeping in the northwest of Russia and the economy of Siberia are based on sources of honey collection, which require a comprehensive study and assessment of their reasonable use. The work aims to study the bioecological properties of melliferous plants of the Apiaceae group and to determine the resource potential of forest and non-forest lands for honey collection. Research in the lands of the forest fund of the Leningrad region and the Vasyugan swamps, using a proven methodology for recording findings adopted in research work in beekeeping. In the herbaceous phytochromes of forest lands, melliferous plants are fully included in the composition of umbelliferous plants that live in the Leningrad region’s birch-sorrel forest in Siberia’s open spaces. The studied species belong to mesophytes and nectar bearers. Flowering is observed during the spring and summer periods of honey collection. The ecological and biological characteristics of the Apiaceae family honey-bearing species were established. In the Vasyugan region, the average number of bumblebees, true flies, folded wasps, and other insects per day of observation was 711.1, almost 2.5 times more than honey bees. The competition of numerous insect species indicates the area’s ecological safety. As a result of considering the actual collection of pollen and pollen analysis, 11.3 pieces were identified per 1 m2 per hour. Apis mellifera L. visiting flowers of Siberian angelica in the south of Western Siberia. In June, bees collected 104.9 g of beige-colored pollen (15.67%) from the common gooseberry (Aegopodium podagraria L.) in the Vasyugan region. The productivity of representatives of the Umbelliferae family depends on the place of growth. Significant honey productivity on the edges of birch forests in the Leningrad region is distinguished by angelica (100 kg/ha) and common gooseberry (57 kg/ha); in clearings in Western Siberia, angelica Siberian (40 kg/ha).