Implementation of K-Nearest Neighbors, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree Algorithms for Obesity Risk Prediction

Abstract

An abnormal or excessive build-up of fat that can negatively impact one's health as a result of an imbalance in energy between calories consumed and burnt is known as obesity. The majority of ailments, such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer, osteoarthritis, chronic renal disease, stroke, hypertension, and other fatal conditions, are linked to obesity. Information technology has therefore been the subject of several studies aimed at diagnosing and treating obesity. Because there is a wealth of information on obesity, data mining techniques such as the K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) algorithm, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree can be used to classify the data. The 2111 records and 17 characteristics of obesity data that were received from Kaggle will be used in this study. The four algorithms are to be compared in this study. In other words, using the dataset used in this study, the Decision Tree algorithm's accuracy outperforms that of the other three algorithms K-NN, Naïve Bayes, and SVM. Using the Decision Tree algorithm, the accuracy was 84.98%; the K-NN algorithm came in second with an accuracy value of 83.55%; the Naïve Bayes algorithm came in third with an accuracy rate of 77.48%; and the SVM algorithm came in last with the lowest accuracy value in this study, at 77.32%.