Acute physiological and psychological responses during an incremental treadmill test wearing a new upper-body sports garment with elastomeric technology

Danica Janicijevic, Angel Saez-Berlanga, Carlos Babiloni-López, Fernando Martín-Rivera, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Alejandro Silvestre-Herrero, Javier Martínez-Puente, Pablo Ferradás-Nogueira, Alvaro Juesas, Javier Gené-Morales, Iván Chulvi-Medrano, J. Colado
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Abstract

Background: The use of elastomeric technology in sports garments is increasing in popularity; however, its specific impact on physiological and psychological variables is not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to analyze the physiological (muscle activation of the pectoralis major, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, and rectus abdominis, capillary blood lactate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate) and psychological (global and respiratory rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) responses during an incremental treadmill test wearing a new sports garment for the upper body that incorporates elastomeric technology or a placebo garment.Methods: Eighteen physically active young adults participated in two randomized sessions, one wearing the elastomeric garment and the other wearing a placebo. Participants performed in both sessions the same treadmill incremental test (i.e., starting at 8 km/h, an increase of 2 km/h each stage, stage duration of 3 min, and inclination of 1%; the test ended after completing the 18 km/h Stage or participant volitional exhaustion). The dependent variables were assessed before, during, and/or after the test. Nonparametric tests evaluated differences.Results: The elastomeric garment led to a greater muscle activation (p < 0.05) in the pectoralis major at 16 km/h (+33.35%, p = 0.01, d = 0.47) and 18 km/h (+32.09%, p = 0.02, d = 0.55) and in the triceps brachii at 10 km/h (+20.28%, p = 0.01, d = 0.41) and 12 km/h (+34.95%, p = 0.04, d = 0.28). Additionally, lower lactate was observed at the end of the test (−7.81%, p = 0.01, d = 0.68) and after 5 min of recovery (−13.71%, p < 0.001, d = 1.00) with the elastomeric garment. Nonsignificant differences between the garments were encountered in the time to exhaustion, cardiovascular responses, or ratings of perceived exertion.Conclusion: These findings suggest that elastomeric garments enhance physiological responses (muscle activation and blood lactate) during an incremental treadmill test without impairing physical performance or effort perception.
穿着采用弹性技术的新型上身运动服进行增量跑步机测试时的急性生理和心理反应
背景:弹性技术在运动服装中的应用日益普及,但其对生理和心理变量的具体影响还不完全清楚。因此,我们的目的是分析上半身身着采用弹性技术的新型运动服或安慰剂服装进行增量跑步机测试时的生理(胸大肌、肱三头肌、三角肌前部和腹直肌的肌肉激活、毛细血管血乳酸、收缩压和舒张压以及心率)和心理(整体和呼吸感知用力评分 [RPE])反应:方法:18 名体力充沛的年轻人参加了两次随机测试,一次穿着弹性服装,另一次穿着安慰剂。参加者在两次测试中都进行了相同的跑步机增量测试(即从 8 公里/小时开始,每阶段增加 2 公里/小时,阶段持续时间为 3 分钟,倾角为 1%;测试在完成 18 公里/小时阶段或参加者自愿力竭后结束)。因变量在测试前、测试中和/或测试后进行评估。非参数检验对差异进行评估:弹性服装使胸大肌在 16 公里/小时(+33.35%,p = 0.01,d = 0.47)和 18 公里/小时(+32.09%,p = 0.02,d = 0.55)时的肌肉活化程度更高(p < 0.05),使肱三头肌在 10 公里/小时(+20.28%,p = 0.01,d = 0.41)和 12 公里/小时(+34.95%,p = 0.04,d = 0.28)时的肌肉活化程度更高(p < 0.05)。此外,测试结束时(-7.81%,p = 0.01,d = 0.68)和恢复 5 分钟后(-13.71%,p < 0.001,d = 1.00),弹性服装的乳酸含量较低。两种服装在耗竭时间、心血管反应或感觉用力程度方面没有显著差异:这些研究结果表明,在增量跑步机测试中,弹性服装可增强生理反应(肌肉活化和血液乳酸),而不会影响身体表现或努力感知。
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