Quinoa growth and yield performance under salinity stress in arid West Texas

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Vijayasatya N. Chaganti, Girisha K. Ganjegunte
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Abstract

Crops such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) that are both salinity and drought-tolerant and with high seed value are needed to sustain agriculture in arid Far West Texas facing dual threat of freshwater scarcity and soil salinization. However, quinoa's growth and yield performance under arid conditions of Far West Texas has not been studied previously. This study evaluated growth and yield of a salt-tolerant quinoa genotype under greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized experimental design with irrigation water salinity as the main factor having five different levels (freshwater, 5, 10, 15, and 20 dS m−1). Plant parameters (plant height, leaf SPAD, leaf tissue carbon, and nitrogen concentrations) and seed yield were measured for two growing seasons. Soil quality (salinity and sodicity) changes were also determined for the same time. Seed yields ranged between 747 and 6065 kg ha−1 across 2 years, indicating significant effects of water salinity. However, these yields were comparable to those reported in the literature. Increasing water salinity significantly affected all growth parameters with leaf C and N decreasing by an average of 20%, whereas reductions in plant height reached a high of 60% at 20 dS m−1. Similar reductions in leaf chlorophyll content were found with increasing water salinity. Soil salinity and sodicity significantly increased over time with irrigation water salinity. Importantly, we observed that quinoa has a much higher soil salinity threshold (∼12 dS m−1) above which yields declined rapidly. Higher salt tolerance threshold of quinoa makes it an alternative economically viable crop for the Trans-Pecos Texas region.

Abstract Image

德克萨斯州西部干旱地区藜麦在盐分胁迫下的生长和产量表现
德克萨斯州远西干旱地区面临淡水匮乏和土壤盐碱化的双重威胁,需要像藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)这样既耐盐碱又耐干旱且种子价值高的作物来维持农业生产。然而,此前尚未研究过藜麦在德克萨斯州远西部干旱条件下的生长和产量表现。本研究采用完全随机试验设计,以灌溉水盐度为主要因素,分为五个不同水平(淡水、5、10、15 和 20 dS m-1),评估了耐盐藜麦基因型在温室条件下的生长和产量。对两个生长季的植株参数(株高、叶片 SPAD、叶组织碳和氮浓度)和种子产量进行了测量。同时还测定了土壤质量(盐度和钠度)的变化。两年的种子产量介于 747 至 6065 千克/公顷之间,表明盐度对种子产量有显著影响。不过,这些产量与文献报道的产量相当。水盐度的增加对所有生长参数都有明显影响,叶片 C 和 N 平均减少了 20%,而植株高度在 20 dS m-1 时最高降低了 60%。叶片叶绿素含量也随着盐度的增加而减少。土壤盐度和钠度随着灌溉水盐度的增加而显著增加。重要的是,我们观察到,藜麦的土壤盐分阈值要高得多(12 dS m-1),超过这个阈值,产量就会迅速下降。藜麦较高的耐盐阈值使其成为德克萨斯州跨佩科斯地区另一种经济上可行的作物。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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