Application of a dual depressant system and microwave irradiation for flotation-based Separation of Polyethylene Terephthalate, Polyvinyl Chloride, and Polystyrene Plastics

Salva Jabbari, Saeed Ostad Movahed, Shahab Jourabchi
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Abstract

The absence of an effective technique for the individual separation of plastics within a plastic mixture remains a paramount concern in the domain of plastic waste management. Recently introduced, the floatation technique has emerged as a method for segregating specific plastics, such as polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), from mixed waste streams. This separation process involves the utilization of traditional dual depressants (chemical agents). The study investigated the impact of pre-microwave irradiation of plastic surfaces at varying microwave output powers (20-100%) on the floatation behavior of each plastic. Additionally, the influence of depressant concentration (200-1600 mg/L) on plastic floatation was examined. The results revealed that pre-microwave irradiation at different output powers and varying depressant concentrations significantly affected the sink-float behavior of the studied plastics, with the exception of PET. It was observed that the microwave irradiation altered the number and type of active sites on the plastics' surfaces. Notably, there was no discernible regular trend in the flotation of plastic with an increase in microwave output power. The outcomes were substantiated by conventional identification techniques, including contact angle (θ) measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectra analysis. Equations derived through the use of the design of experiment software (Design-Expert®) demonstrated a commendable alignment between the predicted and actual values of plastic flotation. This underscores the efficacy of the applied methodology in forecasting and validating the outcomes of the floatation process.
在基于浮选的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氯乙烯和聚苯乙烯塑料分离中应用双抑制剂系统和微波辐照技术
缺乏一种有效的技术来单独分离塑料混合物中的塑料,这仍然是塑料废物管理领域的一个首要问题。最近推出的浮选技术已成为从混合废物流中分离特定塑料(如聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)和聚氯乙烯(PVC))的一种方法。这种分离过程需要使用传统的双减压剂(化学制剂)。研究调查了在不同微波输出功率(20%-100%)下对塑料表面进行预微波辐照对每种塑料的浮选行为的影响。此外,还研究了抑制剂浓度(200-1600 毫克/升)对塑料漂浮的影响。结果表明,不同输出功率的预微波辐照和不同浓度的抑制剂会显著影响所研究塑料的沉浮行为,但 PET 除外。据观察,微波辐照改变了塑料表面活性位点的数量和类型。值得注意的是,随着微波输出功率的增加,塑料的浮选没有明显的规律性趋势。传统的鉴定技术,包括接触角 (θ)测量、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像和衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱 (ATR-FTIR) 分析,都证实了上述结果。通过使用实验设计软件(Design-Expert®)得出的方程式表明,塑料浮选的预测值和实际值之间的一致性值得称赞。这凸显了所应用方法在预测和验证浮选过程结果方面的功效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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