Allostatic load and frailty do not covary significantly among older residents of Greater Poland

IF 3.1 4区医学 Q1 Social Sciences

Journal of Physiological Anthropology Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI:10.1186/s40101-024-00359-2

Jan Jeszka, Darian Hummel, Malgorzata Woźniewicz, Tomoko Morinaka, Yoshiaki Sone, Douglas E. Crews

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Physiological dysregulation/allostatic load and the geriatric syndrome frailty increase with age. As a neurophysiological response system, allostasis supports survival by limiting stressor-related damage. Frailty reflects decreased strength, endurance, and physical abilities secondary to losses of muscle and bone with age. One suggestion, based on large cohort studies of person’s ages 70 + years, is that frailty contributes to allostatic load at older ages. However, small community-based research has not confirmed this specific association. To further explore possible associations between allostatic load and frailty, we enrolled 211 residents of Greater Poland aged 55–91 years living in a small village (Nekla, N = 104) and an urban center and capital of Greater Poland (Poznan, N = 107). For each, we recorded age, self-reported sex, and residence and estimated a 10-biomarker allostatic load score (ALS) and an 8-biomarker frailty index. We anticipated the following: higher ALS and frailty among men and rural residents; for frailty but not ALS to be higher at older ages; significant associations of ALS with sex and place of residence, but not with age or frailty. The significance of observed associations was evaluated by t-tests and multivariate regression. ALS did not vary significantly between men and women nor between Nekla and Poznan residents overall. However, women showed significantly higher frailty than men. Nekla men showed significantly higher ALS but not frailty, while Nekla women showed nonsignificantly higher ALS and lower frailty than Poznan. In multivariate analyses, neither age, nor sex, nor residence was associated with ALS. Conversely, age, sex, and residence, but not ALS, are associated significantly with frailty. In Nekla, both age and sex, but in Poznan only age, are associated with ALS. Among women, both age and residence, but among men, neither associated with ALS. In no case did ALS associate significantly with frailty. In this sample, lifestyle factors associated with residence, age, and sex influence stress-related physiology, less so in women, while ALS and frailty do not covary, suggesting their underlying promoters are distinct. Similar complex associations of physiological dysregulation with frailty, age, sex, and residence likely exist within many local settings. Knowledge of this variation likely will aid in supporting health and healthcare services among seniors.

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在大波兰地区的老年居民中，代谢负荷和虚弱程度的共线关系并不明显

随着年龄的增长，生理失调/失衡负荷和老年虚弱综合症也会增加。作为一种神经生理反应系统，失衡通过限制与压力相关的损伤来支持生存。虚弱反映了随着年龄的增长，肌肉和骨骼的损失导致力量、耐力和体能的下降。根据对 70 岁以上人群进行的大型队列研究，有一种观点认为，年老体弱是造成异位负荷的原因之一。然而，基于社区的小型研究并未证实这种特定的关联。为了进一步探究各静态负荷与虚弱之间可能存在的关联，我们招募了 211 名年龄在 55-91 岁之间的大波兰地区居民，他们分别居住在一个小村庄（内克拉，104 人）和一个大波兰地区的城市中心和首府（波兹南，107 人）。我们记录了每个人的年龄、自我报告的性别和居住地，并估算了 10 个生物标志物的虚弱负荷评分 (ALS) 和 8 个生物标志物的虚弱指数。我们预计会出现以下情况：男性和农村居民的 ALS 和虚弱程度更高；年龄越大，虚弱程度越高，但 ALS 不高；ALS 与性别和居住地有显著关联，但与年龄或虚弱程度无关。通过 t 检验和多变量回归评估了观察到的关联的显著性。ALS在男性和女性之间以及在内克拉和波兹南居民之间没有明显差异。不过，女性的虚弱程度明显高于男性。与波兹南相比，内克拉男性的肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症明显较高，但虚弱程度并不明显；而内克拉女性的肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症并不明显较高，但虚弱程度较低。在多变量分析中，年龄、性别和居住地都与 ALS 无关。相反，年龄、性别和居住地（而非 ALS）与虚弱有显著关联。在内克拉，年龄和性别都与 ALS 有关，但在波兹南，只有年龄与 ALS 有关。在女性中，年龄和居住地都与 ALS 有关，但在男性中，年龄和居住地都与 ALS 无关。没有任何一种 ALS 与体弱有明显的关联。在这一样本中，与居住地、年龄和性别相关的生活方式因素会影响与压力相关的生理机能，但对女性的影响较小，而 ALS 与体弱并不相关，这表明它们的潜在启动因子是不同的。生理失调与体弱、年龄、性别和居住地之间可能存在类似的复杂关联。对这种变化的了解可能有助于为老年人的健康和医疗保健服务提供支持。

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来源期刊

Journal of Physiological Anthropology Social Sciences-Human Factors and Ergonomics

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

6.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Physiological Anthropology (JPA) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that publishes research on the physiological functions of modern mankind, with an emphasis on the physical and bio-cultural effects on human adaptability to the current environment. The objective of JPA is to evaluate physiological adaptations to modern living environments, and to publish research from different scientific fields concerned with environmental impact on human life. Topic areas include, but are not limited to: environmental physiology bio-cultural environment living environment epigenetic adaptation development and growth age and sex differences nutrition and morphology physical fitness and health Journal of Physiological Anthropology is the official journal of the Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology.