The evolution of the early Paleozoic carbonate platform in the Central uplift, Tarim Basin, northwestern China, and hydrocarbon accumulation

IF 2.7 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

AAPG Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1306/01242418082

Huabiao Qiu, Wei Lin, Shang Deng, Huixi Lin, Zhongpei Zhang, Zicheng Cao, Cheng Huang, Jun Han

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Abstract

The Tarim Basin is the largest superimposed and oil-bearing basin in China, presented as an episodic tectonic superposition in the Central uplift. Understanding hydrocarbon differential accumulation in the Central uplift requires a proper view of the evolution of the early Paleozoic carbonate platform. Through detailed two-dimensional seismic interpretation, paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions of the carbonate platform are performed. Tying hydrocarbon accumulation elements to the dynamic evolutionary process of the carbonate platform, this paper provides new insights into hydrocarbon differential accumulation in the Tazhong and Bachu uplifts. Due to ongoing compression from the south, the Hetian paleohigh and the Tazhong uplift initially formed in the Cambrian–Middle Ordovician carbonate platform interior in the latest Middle Ordovician. The climax of uplifting and northward tilting of preexisting paleohighs occurred in the latest Ordovician and latest Middle Devonian, respectively. The carbonate platform suffered polyphase exposures in these paleohighs and strike-slip faulting in the northern slope of the Tazhong uplift, forming favorable karst reservoirs and strike-slip fault-controlled reservoirs. Following the latest Permian uplifting of the northwestern Hetian paleohigh, the Bachu uplift nucleated in the northern Hetian paleohigh in the Cenozoic. The southwestern Hetian paleohigh was inverted into a southwest-dipping monocline. In the Bachu uplift, the allochthonous hydrocarbons from the southwestern Hetian paleohigh underwent episodic migration, accumulation, adjustment, and destruction during the evolution of these uninherited paleohighs. The hydrocarbons mainly remain in structural-stratigraphic traps in the southern margin of the Bachu uplift. Multiple periods of gentle tilting have occurred in the Tazhong uplift since the Late Devonian. Episodic migrating hydrocarbons from autochthonous and neighboring source rocks in the north are enriched in the northern flank of the inherited Tazhong uplift.

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中国西北塔里木盆地中央隆起带早古生代碳酸盐岩平台的演化及油气积聚

塔里木盆地是中国最大的叠加含油盆地，在中部隆起中呈现为偶发性构造叠加。要了解中部隆起的油气差异累积，需要正确看待早古生代碳酸盐岩平台的演化。通过详细的二维地震解释，对碳酸盐平台进行了古地理和古构造重建。本文将碳酸盐岩平台的动态演化过程与油气富集要素联系起来，为研究塔中隆起和巴楚隆起的油气差异富集提供了新的视角。由于来自南方的持续挤压，和田古高和塔中隆起最初形成于寒武纪-中奥陶世碳酸盐平台内部，时间为中奥陶世晚期。原有古高的隆起和北倾高潮分别出现在晚奥陶世和晚中泥盆世。碳酸盐平台在这些古地层中遭受多相揭露，并在塔中隆起北坡遭受走向滑动断层，形成了有利的岩溶储层和走向滑动断层控制储层。在河西走廊西北古高最晚二叠纪隆升之后，巴楚隆升在新生代河西走廊北部古高形成核心。和田古高西南部倒置成西南倾的单斜。在巴楚隆起中，来自西南和氏璧古地层的同生碳氢化合物在这些非继承古地层的演化过程中经历了偶发性的迁移、积累、调整和破坏。碳氢化合物主要残留在巴楚隆起南缘的构造-地层陷阱中。自泥盆纪晚期以来，塔中隆起发生了多次缓倾斜。来自北部自生岩和邻近源岩的偶发性迁移碳氢化合物富集在继承的塔中隆起北翼。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

AAPG Bulletin 工程技术-地球科学综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

11.40%

发文量

审稿时长

4.8 months

期刊介绍： While the 21st-century AAPG Bulletin has undergone some changes since 1917, enlarging to 8 ½ x 11” size to incorporate more material and being published digitally as well as in print, it continues to adhere to the primary purpose of the organization, which is to advance the science of geology especially as it relates to petroleum, natural gas, other subsurface fluids, and mineral resources. Delivered digitally or in print monthly to each AAPG Member as a part of membership dues, the AAPG Bulletin is one of the most respected, peer-reviewed technical journals in existence, with recent issues containing papers focused on such topics as the Middle East, channel detection, China, permeability, subseismic fault prediction, the U.S., and Africa.