Spelt wheat resistance to rusts, powdery mildew, leaf blotch and common bunt

IF 1.6 4区农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY

Cereal Research Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI:10.1007/s42976-024-00516-4

Veronika Dumalasová, Heinrich Grausgruber, Ondřej Zelba, Alena Hanzalová, Hermann Buerstmayr, Verena Weyermann, Franca dell’Avo, Catherine Cuendet, Reine Koppel, Pille Sooväli, Almuth Elise Muellner

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Abstract

A spelt diversity panel including 80 genotypes of winter spelt was tested for resistance to common bunt, leaf blotch, powdery mildew, leaf rust, stem rust and yellow rust. The reaction to diseases was investigated in field trials carried out at multiple European locations between 2013 and 2019. Resistance was assessed after artificial inoculation or natural infestation by visual scoring of symptoms. The presence of rust resistance genes was postulated using molecular markers. It was found that the presence of hulls plays a role as a passive resistance factor against common bunt. The risk of fungal diseases in spelt is not negligible. Genotypes with low disease severity in all environments as well as combined resistance to multiple diseases were determined. Across all test environments, spelt genotypes ʻSofia 1ʼ and ʻAlbinʼ showed a very low disease infestation by common bunt, ʻSofia 1ʼ, ʻRiniken Weißkornʼ, ʻZürcher Oberländer Rotkornʼ and ʻToess 5Bʼ by leaf blotch, ʻSpeltvete från Gotlandʼ by yellow rust and ʻSofia 1ʼ by leaf rust and stem rust. The influence of the breeding period was examined, and differences between modern and old varieties/landraces have not been proven. The results obtained can be used for the selection of suitable parental material for breeding spelt with improved disease resistance.

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斯佩耳特小麦对锈病、白粉病、叶斑病和常见疫病的抗性

一个斯佩耳特品种组包括80个冬种斯佩耳特基因型，对它们对常见荨麻疹、叶斑病、白粉病、叶锈病、茎锈病和黄锈病的抗性进行了测试。2013年至2019年期间，在欧洲多个地点进行的田间试验调查了对病害的反应。在人工接种或自然侵染后，通过目测症状来评估抗性。使用分子标记推测锈病抗性基因的存在。研究发现，谷壳的存在可作为抗蚜虫的被动抗性因子。斯佩耳特小麦真菌疾病的风险不容忽视。研究确定了在所有环境中病害严重程度较低的基因型，以及对多种病害具有综合抗性的基因型。在所有测试环境中，斯佩耳特基因型ʻSofia 1'和ʻAlbin'的普通颖枯病发病率都很低，ʻSofia 1'、ʻRiniken Weißkorn'、ʻZürcher Oberl'和ʻAlbin'的普通颖枯病发病率都很高、Zürcher Oberländer Rotkorn "和 "Toess 5B "感染叶斑病，"Speltvete från Gotland "感染黄锈病，"Sofia 1 "感染叶锈病和茎锈病。对育种时期的影响进行了研究，但现代和古老品种/品系之间的差异尚未得到证实。研究结果可用于选择合适的亲本材料，以培育抗病性更强的斯佩耳特小麦。

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来源期刊

Cereal Research Communications AGRONOMY-

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal publishes original papers presenting new scientific results on breeding, genetics, physiology, pathology and production of primarily wheat, rye, barley, oats and maize.