Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nanocomposites with Specified Composition in the Presence of a Solvent for Precursors

IF 1.4 4区化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Colloid Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1134/S1061933X23601245

F. Kh. Urakaev

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Abstract

The objective of this work is an attempt to introduce into scientific practice the method of “mechanochemical recrystallization” in solid-phase systems with small additives of a liquid solvent. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a universal bipolar aprotic solvent, has been used as the additive. As an example, the mechanical activation of reaction AgNO₃ + NH₄I + z NH₄NO₃ (diluent) + yS + xDMSO = AgI + yS* + (z+1)NH₄NO₃ + xDMSO has been studied, where z ≈ 5, y ≈ 1, and x \( \ll \) 1 are molar fractions. The formation of sulfur (S*) and silver iodide (AgI) nanoparticles has been revealed, and/or S*/AgI nanocomposites with controlled contents of the components have been synthesized. The use of NH₄NO₃, which is a non-target product of the mechanosynthesis, as a diluent leads to the stabilization of nanoparticle sizes. The nanoparticles are formed in the medium of DMSO due to the conventional recrystallization (continuous process of dissolution–crystallization of sulfur) or the reactional recrystallization (process of dissolution of AgNO₃ and NH₄I followed by their interaction with the AgI crystallization) rather than the direct mechanical activation. The former and latter mechanisms are realized when obtaining S* and AgI, respectively. The target products (S*, AgI, and S*/AgI) are purified from water-soluble components (NH₄NO₃, DMSO) by washing in an ultrasonic bath. The proposed technical solution of the problem has been realized in planetary ball mills with different milling tools.

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在前驱体溶剂存在的情况下以机械化学方法合成具有特定成分的纳米复合材料

摘要这项工作的目的是尝试在固相体系中引入 "机械化学重结晶 "方法，并加入少量液体溶剂。二甲基亚砜（DMSO）是一种通用的双极性无水溶剂，被用作添加剂。例如，研究了 AgNO3 + NH4I + z NH4NO3（稀释剂） + yS + xDMSO = AgI + yS* + (z+1)NH4NO3 + xDMSO 反应的机械活化，其中 z ≈ 5、y ≈ 1 和 x \( \ll \) 1 是摩尔分数。研究揭示了硫（S*）和碘化银（AgI）纳米粒子的形成，和/或合成了成分含量可控的 S*/AgI 纳米复合材料。使用机械合成的非目标产物 NH4NO3 作为稀释剂可稳定纳米粒子的尺寸。纳米颗粒在二甲基亚砜介质中的形成是由于传统的再结晶（硫的溶解-结晶连续过程）或反应再结晶（AgNO3 和 NH4I 溶解后与 AgI 结晶相互作用的过程），而不是直接的机械活化。在获得 S* 和 AgI 时分别采用了前一种和后一种机制。目标产物（S*、AgI 和 S*/AgI）通过在超声波浴中洗涤，从水溶性成分（NH4NO3、DMSO）中提纯出来。所提出的问题技术解决方案已在使用不同研磨工具的行星球磨机中实现。

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来源期刊

Colloid Journal 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

18.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Colloid Journal (Kolloidnyi Zhurnal) is the only journal in Russia that publishes the results of research in the area of chemical science dealing with the disperse state of matter and surface phenomena in disperse systems. The journal covers experimental and theoretical works on a great variety of colloid and surface phenomena: the structure and properties of interfaces; adsorption phenomena and structure of adsorption layers of surfactants; capillary phenomena; wetting films; wetting and spreading; and detergency. The formation of colloid systems, their molecular-kinetic and optical properties, surface forces, interaction of colloidal particles, stabilization, and criteria of stability loss of different disperse systems (lyosols and aerosols, suspensions, emulsions, foams, and micellar systems) are also topics of the journal. Colloid Journal also includes the phenomena of electro- and diffusiophoresis, electro- and thermoosmosis, and capillary and reverse osmosis, i.e., phenomena dealing with the existence of diffusion layers of molecules and ions in the vicinity of the interface.