AI-Based Drone Assisted Human Rescue in Disaster Environments: Challenges and Opportunities

IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS
Narek Papyan, Michel Kulhandjian, Hovannes Kulhandjian, Levon Aslanyan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this survey we are focusing on utilizing drone-based systems for the detection of individuals, particularly by identifying human screams and other distress signals. This study has significant relevance in post-disaster scenarios, including events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, military conflicts, wildfires, and more. These drones are capable of hovering over disaster-stricken areas that may be challenging for rescue teams to access directly, enabling them to pinpoint potential locations where people might be trapped. Drones can cover larger areas in shorter timeframes compared to ground-based rescue efforts or even specially trained search dogs. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, are frequently deployed for search-and-rescue missions during disaster situations. Typically, drones capture aerial images to assess structural damage and identify the extent of the disaster. They also employ thermal imaging technology to detect body heat signatures, which can help locate individuals. In some cases, larger drones are used to deliver essential supplies to people stranded in isolated disaster-stricken areas. In our discussions, we delve into the unique challenges associated with locating humans through aerial acoustics. The auditory system must distinguish between human cries and sounds that occur naturally, such as animal calls and wind. Additionally, it should be capable of recognizing distinct patterns related to signals like shouting, clapping, or other ways in which people attempt to signal rescue teams. To tackle this challenge, one solution involves harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze sound frequencies and identify common audio “signatures.” Deep learning-based networks, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), can be trained using these signatures to filter out noise generated by drone motors and other environmental factors. Furthermore, employing signal processing techniques like the direction of arrival (DOA) based on microphone array signals can enhance the precision of tracking the source of human noises.

Abstract Image

灾难环境中基于人工智能的无人机辅助人类救援:挑战与机遇
摘要 在本研究中,我们将重点关注利用基于无人机的系统进行个人探测,特别是通过识别人类的尖叫声和其他求救信号。这项研究对灾后场景具有重要意义,包括地震、飓风、军事冲突、野火等事件。这些无人机能够在救援队难以直接进入的受灾地区上空盘旋,使他们能够确定人员可能被困的潜在地点。与地面救援工作甚至是经过专门训练的搜救犬相比,无人机可以在更短的时间内覆盖更大的区域。无人驾驶飞行器(UAV),通常被称为无人机,经常被部署在灾难情况下的搜救任务中。通常情况下,无人机会捕捉空中图像,以评估结构损坏情况并确定灾害范围。它们还采用热成像技术来探测人体热量特征,从而帮助确定人员位置。在某些情况下,大型无人机被用来向被困在偏僻灾区的人们运送必需品。在讨论中,我们深入探讨了通过航空声学定位人类所面临的独特挑战。听觉系统必须区分人类的叫声和自然发出的声音,如动物的叫声和风声。此外,它还应该能够识别与喊叫、鼓掌等信号相关的独特模式,或人们试图向救援队发出信号的其他方式。为了应对这一挑战,一种解决方案是利用人工智能(AI)来分析声音频率并识别常见的音频 "特征"。基于深度学习的网络,如卷积神经网络(CNN),可以利用这些特征进行训练,以过滤无人机马达和其他环境因素产生的噪音。此外,采用基于麦克风阵列信号的到达方向(DOA)等信号处理技术,可以提高追踪人类噪音来源的精度。
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来源期刊
PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS
PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS Computer Science-Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
20.00%
发文量
80
期刊介绍: The purpose of the journal is to publish high-quality peer-reviewed scientific and technical materials that present the results of fundamental and applied scientific research in the field of image processing, recognition, analysis and understanding, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, and related fields of theoretical and applied computer science and applied mathematics. The policy of the journal provides for the rapid publication of original scientific articles, analytical reviews, articles of the world''s leading scientists and specialists on the subject of the journal solicited by the editorial board, special thematic issues, proceedings of the world''s leading scientific conferences and seminars, as well as short reports containing new results of fundamental and applied research in the field of mathematical theory and methodology of image analysis, mathematical theory and methodology of image recognition, and mathematical foundations and methodology of artificial intelligence. The journal also publishes articles on the use of the apparatus and methods of the mathematical theory of image analysis and the mathematical theory of image recognition for the development of new information technologies and their supporting software and algorithmic complexes and systems for solving complex and particularly important applied problems. The main scientific areas are the mathematical theory of image analysis and the mathematical theory of pattern recognition. The journal also embraces the problems of analyzing and evaluating poorly formalized, poorly structured, incomplete, contradictory and noisy information, including artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, medical informatics, data mining, big data analysis, machine vision, data representation and modeling, data and knowledge extraction from images, machine learning, forecasting, machine graphics, databases, knowledge bases, medical and technical diagnostics, neural networks, specialized software, specialized computational architectures for information analysis and evaluation, linguistic, psychological, psychophysical, and physiological aspects of image analysis and pattern recognition, applied problems, and related problems. Articles can be submitted either in English or Russian. The English language is preferable. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis is a hybrid journal that publishes mostly subscription articles that are free of charge for the authors, but also accepts Open Access articles with article processing charges. The journal is one of the top 10 global periodicals on image analysis and pattern recognition and is the only publication on this topic in the Russian Federation, Central and Eastern Europe.
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