The influence of palm oil-derived plasticizers and lubricants on the rheological and mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber

IF 1.1 4区材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1177/14777606241246582

Norfatirah Muhamad Sarih, Lim Chow Peei, Azura A Rashid

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Abstract

Researchers have recently focused on green processing aids made from plants and vegetables to avoid the high concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from petroleum-based processing oils, which is hazardous to human health. This paper focuses on the effect of lubricants and plasticisers produced from palm oil on the rheological, mechanical and thermal aging properties of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). These lubricants and plasticisers are known as glycerol trioleate (GTO), n-butyl stearate (NBS), ethylene bis-steramide (EBS), ethylene bis-oleamide (EBO), pentaerythritol tetrastearate (PETS) and stearyl stearate. The abrasion performance, visual inspection appearance, and cure characteristics of the lubricants and plasticisers on SBR were examined and compared to processing oil-treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE), paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene (PE) wax, epoxidised soybean oil (ESBO), and stearic acid. It discovered that rubber compounds based on GTO, stearic acid, and EBS exhibited better abrasion resistance and cure properties than rubber compounds based on processing oil. These samples were selected and subjected to mechanical properties, thermal aging effects analysis and comparison with processing oil. Tensile strength shows that SBR with EBS (22.49 MPa) and EBS with GTO (EBS/GTO; 21.25 MPa) are closely similar to SBR compounds with processing oil (21.02 MPa). The findings imply that EBS and EBS/GTO, green plasticisers and lubricants, are viable alternatives to petroleum-based processing oils while being cost-effective for tire production.

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棕榈油衍生增塑剂和润滑剂对丁苯橡胶流变学和机械性能的影响

最近，研究人员开始关注由植物和蔬菜制成的绿色加工助剂，以避免石油基加工油中高浓度的多环芳烃（PAHs）危害人类健康。本文重点研究用棕榈油生产的润滑剂和增塑剂对丁苯橡胶（SBR）的流变、机械和热老化性能的影响。这些润滑剂和增塑剂包括三油酸甘油酯（GTO）、硬脂酸正丁酯（NBS）、乙烯双酯酰胺（EBS）、乙烯双烯酰胺（EBO）、季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯（PETS）和硬脂酸硬脂酯。对丁苯橡胶上的润滑剂和增塑剂的磨损性能、目测外观和固化特性进行了研究，并与加工油处理过的蒸馏芳烃萃取物（TDAE）、石蜡、微晶蜡、聚乙烯（PE）蜡、环氧化大豆油（ESBO）和硬脂酸进行了比较。研究发现，与基于加工油的橡胶复合物相比，基于 GTO、硬脂酸和 EBS 的橡胶复合物具有更好的耐磨性和硫化特性。对这些样品进行了机械性能和热老化效应分析，并与加工油进行了比较。拉伸强度显示，含 EBS 的 SBR（22.49 兆帕）和含 GTO 的 EBS（EBS/GTO；21.25 兆帕）与含加工油的 SBR 复合物（21.02 兆帕）非常接近。研究结果表明，作为绿色增塑剂和润滑剂，EBS 和 EBS/GTO 是石油基加工油的可行替代品，同时在轮胎生产中具有成本效益。

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来源期刊

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES-POLYMER SCIENCE

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal aims to bridge the gap between research and development and the practical and commercial applications of polymers in a wide range of uses. Current developments and likely future trends are reviewed across key areas of the polymer industry, together with existing and potential opportunities for the innovative use of plastic and rubber products.