Ethnic differences in metabolic syndrome in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nicholas Kofi Adjei, Florence Samkange-Zeeb, Daniel Boakye, Maham Saleem, Lara Christianson, Mihiretu M. Kebede, Thomas L. Heise, Tilman Brand, Oluwaseun B. Esan, David C. Taylor-Robinson, Charles Agyemang, Hajo Zeeb
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Abstract

This review aimed to systematically quantify the differences in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) prevalence across various ethnic groups in high-income countries by sex, and to evaluate the overall prevalence trends from 1996 to 2022. We conducted a systematic literature review using MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on studies about MetS prevalence among ethnic groups in high-income countries. We pooled 23 studies that used NCEP-ATP III criteria and included 147,756 healthy participants aged 18 and above. We calculated pooled prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using both fixed-effect and random-effect intercept logistic regression models. Data were analysed for 3 periods: 1996–2005, 2006–2009, and 2010–2021. The pooled prevalence of MetS in high-income countries, based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria, was 27.4% over the studied period, showing an increase from 24.2% in 1996–2005 to 31.9% in 2010–2021, with men and women having similar rates. When stratified by ethnicity and sex, ethnic minority women experienced the highest prevalence at 31.7%, while ethnic majority women had the lowest at 22.7%. Notably, MetS was more prevalent in ethnic minority women than men. Among ethnic minorities, women had a higher prevalence of MetS than men, and the difference was highest in Asians (about 15 percentage points). Among women, the prevalence of MetS was highest in Asians (41.2%) and lowest in Blacks/Africans (26.7%). Among men, it was highest in indigenous minority groups (34.3%) and lowest among in Blacks/Africans (19.8%). MetS is increasing at an alarming rate in high-income countries, particularly among ethnic minority women. The burden of MetS could be effectively reduced by tailoring interventions according to ethnic variations and risk profiles.

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高收入国家代谢综合征的种族差异:系统回顾和荟萃分析
本综述旨在系统地量化高收入国家不同种族群体中按性别划分的代谢综合征(MetS)患病率差异,并评估 1996 年至 2022 年的总体患病率趋势。我们使用 MEDLINE、Web of Science Core Collection、CINAHL 和 Cochrane Library 进行了系统性文献综述,重点关注高收入国家不同种族群体中 MetS 患病率的研究。我们汇总了采用 NCEP-ATP III 标准的 23 项研究,纳入了 147,756 名 18 岁及以上的健康参与者。我们使用固定效应和随机效应截距逻辑回归模型计算了汇总的患病率估计值和 95% 的置信区间 (CI)。我们分析了三个时期的数据:1996-2005 年、2006-2009 年和 2010-2021 年。根据 NCEP-ATP III 标准,研究期间高收入国家的 MetS 患病率合计为 27.4%,从 1996-2005 年的 24.2% 增加到 2010-2021 年的 31.9%,男性和女性的患病率相似。按种族和性别分层,少数族裔妇女的发病率最高,为 31.7%,而多数族裔妇女的发病率最低,为 22.7%。值得注意的是,MetS 在少数民族女性中的发病率高于男性。在少数族裔中,女性的 MetS 患病率高于男性,亚裔的差异最大(约 15 个百分点)。在女性中,亚裔的 MetS 患病率最高(41.2%),黑人/非洲人最低(26.7%)。在男性中,原住少数民族群体的发病率最高(34.3%),黑人/非洲人的发病率最低(19.8%)。在高收入国家,代谢性健康问题正以惊人的速度增加,尤其是在少数民族妇女中。根据种族差异和风险特征采取针对性的干预措施,可有效减轻代谢性疾病的负担。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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