FREQUENCY, PHASES AND CHRONOLOGY OF ROCK ART: SPATIOTEMPORAL STUDIES OF THE ALTA ROCK CARVINGS, NORTHERNMOST EUROPE

IF 0.7 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Oxford Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI:10.1111/ojoa.12293

Jan Magne Gjerde

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Abstract

The rock art of Alta, comprising more than 7000 rock carvings, is dated by shoreline chronology. It is unparalleled in Europe. The well-dated rock carvings make the material suitable for a temporal study of the rock art and the frequency of rock art production over c.5500 years. Based on new detailed elevation measurements performed by Alta Museum of the 92 panels with rock art and individual measurements of a total of 442 individual figures it is possible to discuss the temporal and spatial distribution of the rock art in Alta in detail. This up-to-date study shows that the rock art in Alta was made between c.5300 BC and AD 100 (6300–1900 BP). This raises the question whether the rock art record represents an even production of figures, accumulated gradually over more than five millennia, or whether there were more intensive phases of activity in the Alta area. Further, were all main areas used throughout the five millennia or did activities shift in the landscape? Based on the current record, the frequency of the rock art argues for a clear division of the material into four chronological phases. The material record shows an intense production in the earliest period from c.5300–4000 BC, with about 60% of the rock art being made then. The results from this study indicate that the rock carvings in Alta support a framework for the Alta rock art into four phases.

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岩石艺术的频率、阶段和年代学：欧洲最北部阿尔塔岩画的时空研究

阿尔塔岩画由 7000 多处岩刻组成，其年代是根据海岸线年代学确定的。这在欧洲是绝无仅有的。这些年代久远的岩石雕刻适用于对岩石艺术的时间研究，也适用于对大约 5500 年间岩石艺术生产的频率进行研究。阿尔塔博物馆对 92 块岩画板进行了新的详细海拔测量，并对 442 个岩画进行了单独测量，在此基础上，我们可以详细讨论阿尔塔岩画的时间和空间分布情况。这项最新研究表明，阿尔塔的岩画创作于公元前 5300 年至公元 100 年（公元前 6300 年至公元前 1900 年）之间。这就提出了一个问题，即岩画记录是否代表了五千多年来逐渐积累起来的均匀图形，或者阿尔塔地区是否存在更密集的活动阶段。此外，在这五千年中，是否所有主要地区都被使用过，还是活动在地形上发生了变化？根据目前的记录，岩画的出现频率可以将岩画材料明确划分为四个年代阶段。材料记录显示，在公元前约 5300-4000 年的最早时期，岩画创作十分活跃，约 60% 的岩画是在这一时期创作的。这项研究的结果表明，阿尔塔的岩画支持将阿尔塔岩画分为四个阶段的框架。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Oxford Journal of Archaeology ARCHAEOLOGY-

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Covering the whole range of archaeology, from Palaeolithic to medieval times, the Oxford Journal of Archaeology is the premier English language journal of European, Mediterranean and western Asian archaeology. Publishing four issues a year, it provides topical coverage of current research in Prehistoric, Classical and later periods, with contributions from an international cast of academics and field workers. It encourages debate and is essential reading for anyone studying the archaeology of these areas. The journal does not accept or undertake book reviews.