Toward FPGA Intellectual Property (IP) Encryption from Netlist to Bitstream

IF 3.1 4区计算机科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE

ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI:10.1145/3656644

Daniel Hutchings, Adam Taylor, Jeffrey Goeders

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Current IP encryption methods offered by FPGA vendors use an approach where the IP is decrypted during the CAD flow, and remains unencrypted in the bitstream. Given the ease of accessing modern bitstream-to-netlist tools, encrypted IP is vulnerable to inspection and theft from the IP user. While the entire bitstream can be encrypted, this is done by the user, and is not a mechanism to protect confidentiality of 3rd party IP.

In this work we present a design methodology, along with a proof-of-concept tool, that demonstrates how IP can remain partially encrypted through the CAD flow and into the bitstream. We show how this approach can support multiple encryption keys from different vendors, and can be deployed using existing CAD tools and FPGA families. Our results document the benefits and costs of using such an approach to provide much greater protection for 3rd party IP.

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实现从网表到比特流的 FPGA 知识产权 (IP) 加密

目前 FPGA 供应商提供的 IP 加密方法采用的是在 CAD 流程中对 IP 进行解密，而在比特流中保持未加密的方式。鉴于现代位流到网表工具的易用性，加密的 IP 很容易被 IP 用户检查和窃取。虽然可以对整个比特流进行加密，但这是由用户完成的，并不是保护第三方 IP 机密性的机制。在这项工作中，我们介绍了一种设计方法和概念验证工具，演示了如何通过 CAD 流程将部分 IP 加密保留到比特流中。我们展示了这种方法如何支持来自不同供应商的多个加密密钥，以及如何利用现有 CAD 工具和 FPGA 系列进行部署。我们的研究结果证明了使用这种方法为第三方 IP 提供更大保护的优势和成本。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： TRETS is the top journal focusing on research in, on, and with reconfigurable systems and on their underlying technology. The scope, rationale, and coverage by other journals are often limited to particular aspects of reconfigurable technology or reconfigurable systems. TRETS is a journal that covers reconfigurability in its own right. Topics that would be appropriate for TRETS would include all levels of reconfigurable system abstractions and all aspects of reconfigurable technology including platforms, programming environments and application successes that support these systems for computing or other applications. -The board and systems architectures of a reconfigurable platform. -Programming environments of reconfigurable systems, especially those designed for use with reconfigurable systems that will lead to increased programmer productivity. -Languages and compilers for reconfigurable systems. -Logic synthesis and related tools, as they relate to reconfigurable systems. -Applications on which success can be demonstrated. The underlying technology from which reconfigurable systems are developed. (Currently this technology is that of FPGAs, but research on the nature and use of follow-on technologies is appropriate for TRETS.) In considering whether a paper is suitable for TRETS, the foremost question should be whether reconfigurability has been essential to success. Topics such as architecture, programming languages, compilers, and environments, logic synthesis, and high performance applications are all suitable if the context is appropriate. For example, an architecture for an embedded application that happens to use FPGAs is not necessarily suitable for TRETS, but an architecture using FPGAs for which the reconfigurability of the FPGAs is an inherent part of the specifications (perhaps due to a need for re-use on multiple applications) would be appropriate for TRETS.