Sociology against Zionism? The Thought of French Jewish Sociologist René Worms on Jews and Judaism at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century

IF 0.5 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

JEWISH SOCIAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.2979/jss.00003

Sébastien Mosbah-Natanson

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract:

Among French Jewish intellectuals who rejected Zionism in the early twentieth century was René Worms, a sociologist who used sociological theories as well as "francojudaïsme," the French-Jewish model of assimilation, to oppose it. In 1920–21, during debates organized by the Société de sociologie de Paris on the future of Palestine and Zionism, Worms used various theories to counter Jewish nationalism. Influenced by biology and race science, he began by denying the existence of a Jewish race, emphasizing the racial heterogeneity of modern Jews. His understanding of the evolution of modern religions toward universalism, influenced by Auguste Comte and Émile Durkheim, also discredited Zionism. Finally, his sociology of nationality, interwoven with Ernest Renan's conception of the nation, precluded any national claim to Judaism. This article examines the arguments Worms made and compare them to those of other speakers in debates between sociologists in Paris.

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社会学反对犹太复国主义？法国犹太社会学家勒内-沃姆斯在二十世纪初关于犹太人和犹太教的思想

摘要：在二十世纪初反对犹太复国主义的法国犹太知识分子中，社会学家勒内-沃尔姆斯（René Worms）利用社会学理论和 "法国犹太同化模式"（francojudaïsme）来反对犹太复国主义。1920-21 年，在巴黎社会学会组织的关于巴勒斯坦和犹太复国主义未来的辩论中，沃尔姆斯利用各种理论来反对犹太民族主义。受生物学和种族学的影响，他首先否认犹太种族的存在，强调现代犹太人的种族异质性。受奥古斯特-孔德（Auguste Comte）和埃米尔-杜克海姆（Émile Durkheim）的影响，他对现代宗教向普世主义演变的理解也使犹太复国主义失去了信誉。最后，他的民族社会学与欧内斯特-勒南的民族概念交织在一起，排除了犹太教的任何民族主张。本文探讨了沃尔姆斯提出的论点，并将其与巴黎社会学家辩论中其他发言人的论点进行了比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JEWISH SOCIAL STUDIES HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

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期刊介绍： Jewish Social Studies recognizes the increasingly fluid methodological and disciplinary boundaries within the humanities and is particularly interested both in exploring different approaches to Jewish history and in critical inquiry into the concepts and theoretical stances that underpin its problematics. It publishes specific case studies, engages in theoretical discussion, and advances the understanding of Jewish life as well as the multifaceted narratives that constitute its historiography.