Primary phytochemical and pharmacognostic studies on Syzygium cumini Linn. (Jambhul)

Abstract

From the ancient periods most of the people use lots of herbal medicine. The Syzygium cumini Linn plant has a many medicinal properties. The S. cumini belong to the Myrtaceae family and occurs in tropical and subtropical region of world. This plant origin is South Asia. In India plant found all over the country and it is used for food and medicine. The present study was conducted to investigate the primary phytochemical and pharmacognostic study of S. cumini . The leaves, stem-bark and fruits this plant parts used for the study of primary phytochemical and pharmacognostic examination. The pharmacognostic study based the parameter of macroscopic, microscopic and physico-chemical analysis of plant. The characteristic microscopic features of leaf and stem were observed as stomata, trichomes, multicellular trichomes, phloem cells, xylem cells, collenchyma, spongy parenchyma, vascular bundles and palisade cells. The plant parts like stem, leaves, fruits and seeds of S. cumini were collected from local forest of Nanded. The moisture content, swelling index, foaming index and fluoresces analysis of powder were characterised. Fluoresces analysis of S. cumini crude powder of leaf, stem and fruits under visible and UV light were recorded. Investigation of primary phytochemical analysis were carried out by the qualitative phytochemical test which showed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, triterpenoids, phenol, carbohydrate etc. The results obtained in present study will helps to understand importance of S. cumini in medicinal field.