Transcriptome of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae Induced by Bacteria1

Abstract

Transcriptome analysis was used to explore the molecular regulation mechanisms of the responses of house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), larvae to mixed solutions of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp. Sequencing yielded 50,701 genes that were compared with each database. A total of 34,666 (59.06%) transcripts was successfully annotated. In addition, 3,524 differentially expressed genes were screened from the low concentration dose group and the control group, 5,129 were screened from the high concentration dose group and control group, and 7,462 were screened from the high concentration dose group and low concentration dose group. Of those, 1,252, 2,369, and 3,159 differentially expressed genes were annotated in the Gene Ontology database and 306, 676, and 987 differentially expressed genes were annotated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, respectively. The enrichment analysis of differential gene KEGG showed that the enrichment of insulin signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway in larvae induced by the high concentration dose of the bacterial mixture was more apparent than that induced by injection with the low concentration dose. Differential gene expression and function further reveal the metabolic pathway of defense response induced by bacteria, which can help in better understanding the related mechanism.