A review on cytomegalovirus in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: Prevalence, clinical spectrum, treatment, and antiviral prophylaxis

IF 0.4 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Brianna Brianna, A. Masnammany, Yuan Seng Wu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly infectious virus that is prevalent among adults worldwide. In immunocompetent individuals, CMV infection rarely causes complications. Following initial infection, however, CMV remains latent in the body and can be reactivated especially in immunocompromised patients, such as those with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRDs), leading to tissue-invasive, life-threatening diseases, such as colitis, vascular thrombosis, and pneumonitis. Although there are standard treatment recommendations for symptomatic CMV disease, there is paucity of consensus in the role of primary and secondary antiviral prophylaxis to prevent CMV reactivation, especially in AIIRDs patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Therein, this review aimed to provide an overview of the prevalence, clinical disease, risk factors, and treatment for CMV infection, as well as on the role of primary and secondary antiviral prophylaxis in AIIRDs patients. The emerging novel techniques that measure CMV-specific T-cell immunity as a guide to initiate prophylaxis in high-risk patients were also discussed.
自身免疫性炎症性风湿病患者巨细胞病毒综述:发病率、临床表现、治疗和抗病毒预防措施
人类巨细胞病毒(CMV)是一种传染性极强的病毒,在全球成年人中普遍存在。在免疫功能正常的人中,CMV 感染很少引起并发症。然而,初次感染后,CMV 仍潜伏在体内,尤其是在免疫力低下的患者中,如自身免疫性炎症性风湿病(AIIRDs)患者,CMV 可被重新激活,导致组织侵入性、危及生命的疾病,如结肠炎、血管栓塞和肺炎。虽然对无症状的 CMV 疾病有标准的治疗建议,但对于一级和二级抗病毒预防措施在预防 CMV 再激活方面的作用却缺乏共识,尤其是在接受免疫抑制治疗的 AIIRD 患者中。因此,本综述旨在概述 CMV 感染的发病率、临床疾病、风险因素和治疗方法,以及一级和二级抗病毒预防措施在 AIIRDs 患者中的作用。此外,还讨论了新出现的测量 CMV 特异性 T 细胞免疫的新技术,这些技术可作为高危患者开始预防治疗的指南。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare
Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
42
审稿时长
15 weeks
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