Renal failure following the administration of proton pump inhibitors; a mini-review article on recent findings

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently administered for the treatment of acid-related disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, there is growing concern about their capability of adverse effects, including renal failure. Several studies have described a relationship between PPI administration and an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mechanism behind this association is not fully understood, but it may involve changes in renal blood flow and tubular function. The risk of renal failure appears to be higher in patients who use PPIs for extended periods of time or at high doses. It is also higher in patients with pre-existing kidney disease or other risk factors for renal impairment. Clinicians should be aware of the potential risks of PPI use and consider alternative treatment options in patients with renal impairment or other risk factors for AKI or CKD. Regular monitoring of kidney function may also be warranted in patients on long-term PPI therapy.