{"title":"Determinants of Out-of-pocket Health Expenditure Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Nigeria Living Standards Survey 2018–19","authors":"Bolaji Samson Aregbeshola, Samina Mohsin Khan","doi":"10.1007/s12126-023-09548-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study examined the determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults in Nigeria. The data came from the Nigeria Living Standards Survey 2018–19. We employed a two-part model involving logistic regression and a generalized linear model to identify factors associated with out-of-pocket health expenditures among older adults. Analyses were performed using STATA version 14.2 software. The findings indicated that 79.49% of older adults made out-of-pocket payments for health care. The mean monthly out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults was 3,498.14 naira (US$9.72). Having health insurance significantly reduced the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure, while larger household sizes, primary education, tertiary education, and being from a poorer household significantly increased the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults. The study concludes that a high proportion of older adults incur out-of-pocket health expenditures. This implies that older adults are not protected from the financial hardship of out-of-pocket health expenditures by the Nigerian health care system. Policymakers should target the factors that increase the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures in the design of health financing policies aimed at reducing OOP health expenditures for older adults. The finding that health insurance reduces the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures indicates that it is important to design and implement a social health protection scheme for older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51665,"journal":{"name":"Ageing International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ageing International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12126-023-09548-3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The study examined the determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults in Nigeria. The data came from the Nigeria Living Standards Survey 2018–19. We employed a two-part model involving logistic regression and a generalized linear model to identify factors associated with out-of-pocket health expenditures among older adults. Analyses were performed using STATA version 14.2 software. The findings indicated that 79.49% of older adults made out-of-pocket payments for health care. The mean monthly out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults was 3,498.14 naira (US$9.72). Having health insurance significantly reduced the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure, while larger household sizes, primary education, tertiary education, and being from a poorer household significantly increased the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults. The study concludes that a high proportion of older adults incur out-of-pocket health expenditures. This implies that older adults are not protected from the financial hardship of out-of-pocket health expenditures by the Nigerian health care system. Policymakers should target the factors that increase the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures in the design of health financing policies aimed at reducing OOP health expenditures for older adults. The finding that health insurance reduces the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures indicates that it is important to design and implement a social health protection scheme for older adults.
期刊介绍:
As a quarterly peer-reviewed journal that has existed for over three decades, Ageing International serves all professionals who deal with complex ageing issues. The journal is dedicated to improving the life of ageing populations worldwide through providing an intellectual forum for communicating common concerns, exchanging analyses and discoveries in scientific research, crystallizing significant issues, and offering recommendations in ageing-related service delivery and policy making. Besides encouraging the submission of high-quality research and review papers, Ageing International seeks to bring together researchers, policy analysts, and service program administrators who are committed to reducing the ''implementation gap'' between good science and effective service, between evidence-based protocol and culturally suitable programs, and between unique innovative solutions and generalizable policies. For significant issues that are common across countries, Ageing International will organize special forums for scholars and investigators from different disciplines to present their regional perspectives as well as to provide more comprehensive analysis. The editors strongly believe that such discourse has the potential to foster a wide range of coordinated efforts that will lead to improvements in the quality of life of older persons worldwide. Abstracted and Indexed in:
ABI/INFORM, Academic OneFile, Academic Search, CSA/Proquest, Current Abstracts, EBSCO, Ergonomics Abstracts, Expanded Academic, Gale, Google Scholar, Health Reference Center Academic, OCLC, PsychINFO, PsyARTICLES, SCOPUS, Social Science Abstracts, and Summon by Serial Solutions.