Determinants of Out-of-pocket Health Expenditure Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Nigeria Living Standards Survey 2018–19

IF 1 Q4 GERONTOLOGY
Bolaji Samson Aregbeshola, Samina Mohsin Khan
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Abstract

The study examined the determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults in Nigeria. The data came from the Nigeria Living Standards Survey 2018–19. We employed a two-part model involving logistic regression and a generalized linear model to identify factors associated with out-of-pocket health expenditures among older adults. Analyses were performed using STATA version 14.2 software. The findings indicated that 79.49% of older adults made out-of-pocket payments for health care. The mean monthly out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults was 3,498.14 naira (US$9.72). Having health insurance significantly reduced the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure, while larger household sizes, primary education, tertiary education, and being from a poorer household significantly increased the risk of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditure among older adults. The study concludes that a high proportion of older adults incur out-of-pocket health expenditures. This implies that older adults are not protected from the financial hardship of out-of-pocket health expenditures by the Nigerian health care system. Policymakers should target the factors that increase the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures in the design of health financing policies aimed at reducing OOP health expenditures for older adults. The finding that health insurance reduces the likelihood of incurring out-of-pocket health expenditures indicates that it is important to design and implement a social health protection scheme for older adults.

Abstract Image

老年人自付医疗费用的决定因素:来自 2018-19 年尼日利亚生活水平调查的证据
该研究考察了尼日利亚老年人自付医疗费用的决定因素。数据来自 2018-19 年尼日利亚生活水平调查。我们采用了一个包含逻辑回归和广义线性模型的两部分模型来确定老年人自付医疗支出的相关因素。分析使用 STATA 14.2 版软件进行。结果表明,79.49% 的老年人自付了医疗费用。老年人每月平均自付医疗费用为 3,498.14 奈拉(9.72 美元)。拥有医疗保险大大降低了老年人自付医疗费用的风险,而家庭人口较多、受过初等教育、高等教育以及来自较贫困家庭则大大增加了老年人自付医疗费用的风险。研究得出结论,老年人自付医疗费用的比例很高。这意味着,尼日利亚的医疗保健系统并不能保护老年人免受自付医疗费用带来的经济困难。政策制定者在设计旨在减少老年人自付医疗支出的医疗融资政策时,应针对增加自付医疗支出可能性的因素。医疗保险可降低自付医疗支出的可能性这一发现表明,为老年人设计和实施社会健康保护计划非常重要。
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来源期刊
Ageing International
Ageing International GERONTOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
39
期刊介绍: As a quarterly peer-reviewed journal that has existed for over three decades, Ageing International serves all professionals who deal with complex ageing issues. The journal is dedicated to improving the life of ageing populations worldwide through providing an intellectual forum for communicating common concerns, exchanging analyses and discoveries in scientific research, crystallizing significant issues, and offering recommendations in ageing-related service delivery and policy making. Besides encouraging the submission of high-quality research and review papers, Ageing International seeks to bring together researchers, policy analysts, and service program administrators who are committed to reducing the ''implementation gap'' between good science and effective service, between evidence-based protocol and culturally suitable programs, and between unique innovative solutions and generalizable policies. For significant issues that are common across countries, Ageing International will organize special forums for scholars and investigators from different disciplines to present their regional perspectives as well as to provide more comprehensive analysis. The editors strongly believe that such discourse has the potential to foster a wide range of coordinated efforts that will lead to improvements in the quality of life of older persons worldwide. Abstracted and Indexed in: ABI/INFORM, Academic OneFile, Academic Search, CSA/Proquest, Current Abstracts, EBSCO, Ergonomics Abstracts, Expanded Academic, Gale, Google Scholar, Health Reference Center Academic, OCLC, PsychINFO, PsyARTICLES, SCOPUS, Social Science Abstracts, and Summon by Serial Solutions.
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