Occupancy, relative abundance and activity patterns of three sympatric deer in ponds of Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, Campeche

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Therya Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI:10.12933/therya-24-5896
Alejandro Jiménez-Sánchez, Jonathan O. Huerta-Rodríguez, Itzel Poot-Sarmiento, Alan Duarte-Morales, Rafael Reyna-Hurtado
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Calakmul Biosphere Reserve is one of the largest tropical forests in the Americas, home to three species of deer, the white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, the Yucatan brown brocket deer, Odocoileus pandora, and the Central American red brocket deer, Mazama temama. Important ecological aspects on the conservation of these species have been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to determine the occupancy, relative abundance and activity patterns of these species through 9 years of camera-trapping in ponds of a Neotropical Forest in southern Mexico, contributing to the understanding of the ecological patterns and conservation of Neotropical deer. To determine abundance, occupancy and activity patterns, 18 ponds were monitored from 2014 to 2022. The general relative abundance index was used to calculate abundance and the temporal kernel density was used to evaluate the overlap in daily activity of the species. The dynamic occupancy model was used to obtain the occupancy, colonization, extinction and detection of deer, while species co-occurrence occupancy models were used to assess the interaction of water and species. White-tailed deer were the most abundant (Table 1) during the nine years of the study, with low pond occupancy, but with a high probability of colonization. The brown brocket deer was the one with the highest probability of occupancy, showing a low abundance (Table 1), followed by the red brocket deer, with a very low occupancy and abundance (Table 1). Interaction with water was positive in two of the three analyzed species and activity was diurnal for Odocoileus species and cathemeral for Mazama (Fig. 3). The use of ponds by deer is varied in quantity and activity, but they are important places for their development. The protection of the ponds should be fundamental for the conservation of the species in the area, being one of the few semi-perennial water sources and places of food and shelter for wildlife.
坎佩切省卡拉克穆尔生物圈保护区池塘中三种同栖鹿的栖息地、相对丰度和活动模式
卡拉克穆尔生物圈保护区是美洲最大的热带森林之一,是三种鹿的家园:白尾鹿(Odocoileus virginianus)、尤卡坦褐锦鹿(Odocoileus pandora)和中美洲红锦鹿(Mazama temama)。对保护这些物种的重要生态方面的研究很少。本研究的目的是通过在墨西哥南部新热带森林池塘中长达 9 年的相机诱捕,确定这些物种的栖息地、相对丰度和活动模式,从而有助于了解新热带鹿的生态模式和保护。为了确定鹿的丰度、栖息地和活动模式,从 2014 年到 2022 年对 18 个池塘进行了监测。一般相对丰度指数用于计算丰度,时间核密度用于评估物种日常活动的重叠情况。动态占用模型用于获取鹿的占用、定殖、灭绝和探测情况,物种共现占用模型用于评估水与物种的相互作用。在研究的九年中,白尾鹿数量最多(表 1),池塘占用率低,但定植概率高。棕色锦鹿的占有率最高,但丰度较低(表 1),其次是红色锦鹿,占有率和丰度都很低(表 1)。在分析的三个物种中,有两个物种与水的互动是积极的,奥多科鹿的活动是昼伏夜出的,而马扎马鹿的活动是短暂的(图 3)。鹿对池塘的使用在数量和活动方面各不相同,但池塘是鹿发展的重要场所。池塘是为数不多的半多年生水源之一,也是野生动物的食物和栖息地,保护池塘对保护该地区的物种至关重要。
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来源期刊
Therya
Therya Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: THERYA aims to disseminate information and original and unpublished knowledge related to the study of mammals in all disciplines of knowledge. It is an open forum for teachers, researchers, professionals and students worldwide in which articles are published in Spanish and English.
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