Basic Safety Message Generation Through a Video-Based Analytics for Potential Safety Applications

Abstract

With the advancement of modern artificial intelligence techniques, computer vision can play a vital role in enhancing roadway safety by reducing the risk of imminent collisions. To do so, a vision-based safety application is required, where a roadside camera can monitor the traffic and predict potential risks of crashes in real-time. If any risky behavior is observed, then the safety application can send warnings to the vehicles with risky behavior. For vision-based safety applications on a roadway section, it is important to accurately monitor each vehicle's location, speed, acceleration, heading direction, etc., in that section. In this study, we develop a video analytics-based basic safety message (BSM) generation method in accordance with the Society of Automotive Engineers standards (SAE J2945 and SAE J2735). Our developed BSM is further evaluated by conducting a field test where the results are compared with the ground truth results and cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication device-generated results. Our results demonstrate that our proposed video-based BSM generation method outperforms the C-V2X generated results, and our method's errors are less than the maximum acceptable errors set by SAE J2945. Additionally, we conduct tests to assess the end-to-end latency of our developed method and found that the end-to-end latency is within the maximum allowable range for potential safety applications. We further propose use case scenarios, illustrating how our developed BSM generation method can be utilized for potential safety applications.