Effectiveness of Tactile and Auditory Stimulation on Physiological Parameters among Preterm Neonates at NICU - a RCT Study Design

American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI:10.47672/ajhmn.1752

Majella Livingston, Dr. Alber. M. Mathiarasu

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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of tactile & auditory stimulation on physiological parameters weight, temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, feeding pattern, sleeping hours, crying spells and urination among preterm neonates. Material and Methods: A quantitative research approach with true experimental research design was adopted for this study Samples: 120 preterm neonates who got admission and present in the NICU or postnatal unit of KKMCH, who satisfied inclusion criteria. Tool: The tool was developed, validated by experts and checked for its reliability Sample Size: Open Epi, Version 3, open source calculator Sample Size for Comparing Two Means from pilot study. Total sample size 120. Among them 60 preterm neonates were assigned to experimental group and control group each randomly. Statistical analysis used: Demographic data using frequency and percentage distribution. Physiological parameters were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, paired T test. Structured interview schedule by Chi Square test. Association by Multiple Logistic Regression. Findings: Out of 120 preterm neonates, 48.3 % males, 51.7 % females and 42.5 % Hindus, 52.5% Christians and 5 % Muslims. Gestational age 18.33 % between 28 – 30 weeks, 40 % between 31 – 33 weeks and 41.67 % between 34 – 36 weeks. The paired difference of mean in pre term neonates on post - intervention 3rd day and 5th day in experimental and control group in weight gain were 109.83, 176.33 grams & 78.16, 118.33 grams, temperature were 0.270, 0.870Celsius & 0.150, 0.310 Celsius, heart rate were 10.17, 9.30 & 4.63, 3.93 beats/ minute , respiratory rate were 5.70, 11.23 & 3.00 , 5.80 breaths / minute ,mean oxygen saturation were 2.47, 4.65% & 1.12, 2.23 % . The .mean pre intervention Vs post intervention on 5th day among over all physiological parameter consists of structured interview schedule in experimental group and control group includes increased feeding pattern by 50% and 11.7% (X2 = 26.612), increased sucking pattern by 55% and 10% (X2 = 30.572), increased duration per sleep by 68.3% and 5% (X2 = 56.885), increased sleeping pattern by 61.7% and 6.7% (X2 = 43.364), decreased crying pattern by 60% and 1.7% (X2 = 48.553) and increased urination pattern by 73.3% and 6.7% (X2 = 58.989) than control group. The present study findings concluded that the tactile and auditory stimulation had positive effects on growth and maturation in preemies. It can be used in any clinical and community settings to maintain the physiological parameters among preterm neonates. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Since massage therapy is a cost effective therapeutic technique it should be encouraged in all community especially rural poor pre term babies. Health education about massage & music therapies should be given to NICU nurses, staff nurses, village health nurses, Auxiliary nurse midwife in order to promote these therapies as a routine care in the management of preterm neonates & low birth weight babies.

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触觉和听觉刺激对新生儿重症监护室早产新生儿生理参数的影响 - RCT 研究设计

目的：评估触觉和听觉刺激对早产新生儿体重、体温、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、喂养模式、睡眠时间、哭闹和排尿等生理指标的影响。材料和方法：本研究采用真实实验设计的定量研究方法：120 名符合纳入标准的早产新生儿，这些新生儿入住了九龙玛丽医院的新生儿重症监护室或产后病房。工具：工具：该工具由专家开发、验证并检查其可靠性： Open Epi，版本 3，开源计算器试点研究中比较两个均值的样本量。样本量共计 120 个。其中 60 名早产新生儿被随机分配到实验组和对照组。统计分析人口统计学数据采用频率和百分比分布。生理参数采用平均值、标准差和配对 T 检验进行分析。结构化访谈表采用卡方检验。通过多重逻辑回归进行关联分析。研究结果在 120 名早产新生儿中，男性占 48.3%，女性占 51.7%，印度教徒占 42.5%，基督教徒占 52.5%，穆斯林占 5%。胎龄在 28-30 周之间的占 18.33%，31-33 周之间的占 40%，34-36 周之间的占 41.67%。干预后第 3 天和第 5 天，实验组和对照组早产新生儿体重增加的配对平均值分别为 109.83 克、176.33 克和 78.16 克、118.33 克，体温分别为 0.270 摄氏度、0.870 摄氏度和 0.870 摄氏度。心率分别为 10.17、9.30 和 4.63、3.93 次/分钟，呼吸频率分别为 5.70、11.23 和 3.00、5.80 次/分钟，平均血氧饱和度分别为 2.47、4.65% 和 1.12、2.23%。根据结构化访谈表，实验组和对照组干预前和干预后第 5 天的所有生理参数的平均值分别为：喂养模式增加了 50%和 11.7%（X2 = 26.612），吸吮模式增加了 55%和 10%（X2 = 30.572），每次睡眠持续时间增加了 10%（X2 = 30.572）。与对照组相比，实验组和对照组的喂养模式分别增加了 50%和 11.7%（X2 = 26.612），吸吮模式分别增加了 55%和 10%（X2 = 30.572），每次睡眠时间分别增加了 68.3%和 5%（X2 = 56.885），睡眠模式分别增加了 61.7%和 6.7%（X2 = 43.364），哭闹模式分别减少了 60%和 1.7%（X2 = 48.553），排尿模式分别增加了 73.3%和 6.7%（X2 = 58.989）。本研究结果表明，触觉和听觉刺激对早产儿的生长和成熟有积极影响。它可用于任何临床和社区环境，以维持早产新生儿的生理参数。对理论、实践和政策的意义：由于按摩疗法是一种经济有效的治疗技术，因此应在所有社区，尤其是农村贫困早产儿中推广。应向新生儿重症监护室护士、护士长、乡村保健护士、助产士辅助护士提供有关按摩和音乐疗法的健康教育，以便将这些疗法作为早产新生儿和低出生体重儿的常规护理方法加以推广。

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American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice

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