Clinical Profile and Outcome of Sub Acute Intestinal Obstruction. A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Sub-acute intestinal obstruction (SAIO) is a partial blockage of the intestines causing abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and obstipation. Diagnosing SAIO can be difficult, and CT scans are more accurate than plain X-rays. Treatment involves conservative measure initially, but surgery may be necessary if symptoms persist after 24-48 hours. This study aimed to assess the clinical profile and outcome of patients with SAIO. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in department of surgery at KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 2022 to 2023 after getting ethical clearance. Fifty patients admitted with clinical feature suggestive of SAIO were enrolled for study. Predesigned proforma was used to record information that assessed demographic, clinical and treatment profile. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis to generate descriptive statistical findings.  Results: Abdominal pain was the most prevalent symptom observed in 39 (78%) patients while exaggerated bowel sound was most common clinical findings that was observed in 31 (62%). Pervious abdominal surgeries were present among 30 (60%) patients. Plain X-Ray showed feature suggestive of SAIO in 49 (98%) patients. Majority patients 35 (70%) were managed successfully with conservative treatment.   Conclusion : In SAIO, abdominal pain was the most prevalent symptom while alteration in bowel sound is important clinical finding that is consistent with intestinal obstruction. Previous abdominal surgeries are an important risk factor to be considered for intestinal obstruction. Plain x-ray findings play important role to make diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Conservative treatment resolves obstruction in majority of patients.