Eco-toxicity assessment of fossil fuel tainted soil before phytoremediation trial

Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI:10.4314/njb.v40i2.4

A. Ovenseri, A.O. Ogunkeyede, P. Tawari-Fufeyin

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Abstract

The research objective was to assess the extent of fossil fuel toxicity in the contaminated soil for an improved appraisal before phytoremediation trial and eco-safety of the soil. We used Bonny light fossil fuel to contaminate soil at different percentage levels of concentrations (5%, 3%, 1% and 0%). We assessed earthworm weight change and survival rate and plant response of Zea mays to the various treatments. Our results show that soil treated at concentration level of 5% had the highest earthworm mortality rate while the control soils had the highest earthworm survival rate. In addition, there was a noticeable change in the body weight of surviving earthworms in the 5% and 3% treated soil. Germination, shoot length and root length of the experimental plant was not totally inhibited in all the different concentrations. There was greater germination percentage obtained in 3%, 1% and 0% fossil fuel concentrations. The study verifies that high fossil fuel contamination percentage affects the biota of the soil by inhibiting plant germination and growth as well as reducing the survival and body mass of earthworms in the soil. The petroleum oil percentages utilized in this investigation can support phytoremediation trial and proposes that petroleum oil soil contamination ≤ 3% is ecologically safe for plants and animals’ survival as well as development.

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植物修复试验前化石燃料污染土壤的生态毒性评估

研究的目的是评估受污染土壤中化石燃料的毒性程度，以便在进行植物修复试验前对土壤的生态安全性进行更好的评估。我们使用邦尼轻质化石燃料，以不同的浓度百分比（5%、3%、1% 和 0%）污染土壤。我们评估了蚯蚓重量的变化和存活率，以及玉米对不同处理的植物反应。结果表明，浓度为 5%的土壤中蚯蚓死亡率最高，而对照土壤中蚯蚓存活率最高。此外，在浓度为 5%和 3%的处理土壤中，存活蚯蚓的体重也有明显变化。在所有不同浓度的土壤中，实验植物的发芽率、芽长和根长并没有完全受到抑制。在 3%、1% 和 0% 的化石燃料浓度下，发芽率更高。这项研究证实，化石燃料的高污染率会抑制植物的发芽和生长，降低土壤中蚯蚓的存活率和体重，从而影响土壤中的生物群。本研究中使用的石油比例可支持植物修复试验，并提出石油土壤污染≤ 3% 对动植物的生存和发展是生态安全的。

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Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology

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