The Impact of the Soccer Training Season on the Body Composition and Physical Performances of Young Soccer Players

Q3 Health Professions
Sport Mont Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.26773/smj.240205
Sami Sermaxhaj, Fitim Arifi, Iber Alaj, D. Kelmendi, Malsor Gjonbalaj, Suela Sermaxhaj
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to prove the effectiveness of a soccer training program during a macrocycle (preparation and competition season) on the body composition and physical performances of young players. The research was conducted with a sample of 24 soccer players in two age groups: U15 (n=12) and U17 (n=12). The initial testing took place prior to the start of the preseason, whereas the final testing was performed after four months of training. The results prove that the soccer training program for the U15 age range causes important significant differences in the isokinetic force: peak torque flexion and peak torque extension. No significant changes were seen in body composition (body height/mass and muscle and fat mass) or vertical jump (Squat Jump - SJ, Counter-Movement Jump - CMJ, Maximal Counter-Movement Jump - CMJmax). The results also prove that the U17 soccer training program causes important statistical differences in muscle mass, fat mass, SJ, CMJ, CMJmax, and peak torque flexion, but there were no statistically significant changes in peak torque extension or body height/mass of the U17 soccer players. This research shows that the sensitive phase for relevant improvements in explosive force occurs after the age of 15 years, a period that is characterized by the dramatic development of muscle mass.
足球训练季节对青少年足球运动员身体成分和体能表现的影响
本研究的目的是证明在大循环(备战和比赛赛季)期间的足球训练计划对年轻球员的身体成分和体能表现的有效性。研究对象是两个年龄组的 24 名足球运动员:U15(12 人)和 U17(12 人)。初步测试在季前赛开始前进行,而最终测试则在四个月的训练后进行。结果证明,针对 15 岁以下年龄组的足球训练计划会导致等速肌力出现重大差异:屈伸峰值扭矩和伸展峰值扭矩。身体成分(身高/体重、肌肉和脂肪量)或垂直跳跃(蹲跳-SJ、逆向移动跳-CMJ、最大逆向移动跳-CMJmax)没有明显变化。研究结果还证明,U17 足球运动员的训练计划在肌肉质量、脂肪质量、SJ、CMJ、CMJmax 和峰值扭矩屈伸方面造成了重要的统计学差异,但在峰值扭矩伸展或身高/体重方面没有统计学意义上的显著变化。这项研究表明,提高爆发力的敏感期出现在 15 岁之后,这一时期的特点是肌肉质量急剧发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sport Mont
Sport Mont Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
58
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: SM covers all aspects of sports science and medicine; all clinical aspects of exercise, health, and sport; exercise physiology and biophysical investigation of sports performance; sport biomechanics; sports nutrition; rehabilitation, physiotherapy; sports psychology; sport pedagogy, sport history, sport philosophy, sport sociology, sport management; and all aspects of scientific support of the sports coaches from the natural, social and humanistic side.
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