CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON CATARACTS: A COMPREHENSIVE NARRATIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Cataracts, a common age-related eye condition, involve the clouding of the lens, leading to visual impairment. Various risk factors, such as age, smoking, sunlight exposure, and metabolic syndrome, contribute to cataract development. Epidemiological studies explore associations between cataracts and systemic conditions like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and HIV. Surgical interventions, specically cataract extraction, are standard treatments, with factors like surgeon experience inuencing outcomes. Postoperative complications, such as endophthalmitis and hemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis, are critical considerations. Intraocular lens choices, antibiotics, and prophylactic measures impact surgical success. Beyond surgery, lifestyle factors like smoking cessation, dietary patterns, and lead exposure may inuence cataract progression. Emerging areas of research include the impact of cataract surgery on comorbid conditions like macular degeneration.