Optimism among Medical Students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Casablanca

Abstract

Background: Optimism plays a crucial role in the journey of medical students. A high degree of optimism can translate into commendable academic outcomes, while a diminished level may precipitate setbacks. multiple factors can exert influence on the optimism levels of students, thereby impacting their academic achievements. Objective: To describe the level of optimism and explore the factors that impact the optimism levels in medical students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Casablanca from June to July 2023. A random sampling method was used to enroll the study participants, and data were collected through self-administered questionnaires encompassing sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance, lifestyle practices, self-esteem, social support, and optimism score. Statistical analyses incorporated Chi-square test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, ANOVA, and correlations. Results: In total, 234 participants responded to the questionnaire, 64.5% of which were female. The average age was 20.4 years (±1.8). The majority of the students came from a medium socio-economic level (88.9%) and lived with their parents (76.9%). The primary sources of subsistence were predominantly familial, (59.8%). Academic challenges were evident, with 5.6% of the students experiencing repetition and 42.7% requiring catch-up exams. The median number of friends per student stood at 3 (IQR=3), and a considerable proportion engaged in leisure activities (55.1%) and physical activities (51.7%). Stress was prevalent among 64.5% of students, while 19.3% grappled with chronic illnesses. Instances of trauma, psychiatric consultations, contemplation of seeking help (48.2%), and psychiatric treatments (10.6%) were also reported. The mean optimism score was 13.5 (±3.8 SD), indicating a modest level of optimism. Notably, 51.5% exhibited a low level of optimism, 37.3% a moderate level, and 11.6% a high level. Optimism scores ....