The continental depositional record of climate and tectonics around the Eocene-Oligocene transition in the Vistrenque Basin (Camargue, Southeast France)

N. Semmani, François Fournier, P. Léonide, J. Suc, S. Fauquette, M. Séranne, Lionel Marié, J. Borgomano
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Abstract

Based on detailed sedimentological analyses of cores, interpretation of well logs and a set of geochemical measurements performed on lacustrine sediments, the palaeoenvironmental evolution and the sedimentary architecture of the Paleogene continental Vistrenque Basin (SE France) have been reconstructed. The analysis of sedimentary archives revealed three main stages of basin infill evolution: 1) a transgressive deep-lake basin (Priabonian-earliest Rupelian) whose sedimentation was dominated by terrigenous gravity-driven deposits during a period of high subsidence rate and fault activity and under a prevailing humid climate; 2) a forced-regressive, evaporative deep lake (early Rupelian) characterized by a drastic reduction in terrigenous supplies and deposition of evaporites in disconnected, compartmentalized sub-basins; 3) an overall long-term normal regressive stage (middle Rupelian to earliest Chattian) of lake infill characterized by an increase in terrigenous supplies and a vertical upward transition from deep-lake gravity-driven deposits to marginal lake and floodplain sedimentation. The onset of lake volume reduction and forced regression during the early Rupelian is recorded by 1) the reworking of marginal lake carbonates into the deep lake areas, 2) the deposition of organic-rich sediments (TOC>10%) coupled with sulphate-reduction processes in the deepest areas of the lake, 3) an important decrease in terrigenous supplies and 4) a long-term increase in δ18O of matrix-supported carbonates. This early Rupelian forced regression of the Vistrenque lacustrine system is interpreted to result from a terrestrial lowering in precipitation in response to global cooling during the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT). The final infill of the Vistrenque lake system (late Rupelian-early Chattian) and the installation of a floodplain occurred in more humid conditions during a stage of decreased activity of the Nîmes Fault, prior to or during an early stage of the Liguro-Provençal rifting.
维斯特伦克盆地(法国东南部卡马格)始新世-更新世过渡时期气候和构造的大陆沉积记录
根据对岩心进行的详细沉积学分析、对测井记录的解释以及对湖泊沉积物进行的一系列地球化学测量,重建了古近纪大陆维斯特伦克盆地(法国东南部)的古环境演变和沉积结构。对沉积档案的分析揭示了盆地填充演化的三个主要阶段:1) 一个横向递减的深湖盆地(普里阿本纪-鲁佩尔纪早期),在高沉降率和断层活动时期,在潮湿的气候条件下,其沉积以土著重力沉积为主;2) 一个强制递减的蒸发性深湖(鲁佩尔纪早期),其特点是土著供应量急剧减少,蒸发岩沉积在断开、分隔的子盆地中;3)湖泊填充的总体长期正常回归阶段(鲁佩利中期至夏特初),其特点是土著供应量增加,并从深湖重力沉积垂直向上过渡到边缘湖泊和洪泛平原沉积。在鲁佩尔早期,湖泊体积开始减小并被迫退缩,具体表现为:1)边缘湖泊碳酸盐岩向深湖区的再加工;2)富含有机质的沉积物(TOC>10%)的沉积与湖泊最深处的硫酸盐还原过程相结合;3)土著供应量显著减少;4)基质支撑碳酸盐岩的δ18O长期增加。据解释,维斯特伦克湖沼系统在鲁佩尔早期的被迫退缩是由于始新世-更新世过渡(EOT)期间全球变冷导致陆地降水量减少所致。维斯特伦克湖泊系统的最终填充(鲁佩利晚期-夏特早期)和洪泛平原的形成是在尼姆断层活动减少的阶段,即利古罗-普罗旺斯断裂之前或早期,在更加潮湿的条件下发生的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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