The multifaceted benefits of passive heat therapies for extending the healthspan: A comprehensive review with a focus on Finnish sauna

J. Laukkanen, S. Kunutsor
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Passive heat therapy is characterized by exposure to a high environmental temperature for a brief period. There are several types of passive heat therapy which include hot tubs, Waon therapy, hydrotherapy, sanarium, steam baths, infrared saunas and Finnish saunas. The most commonly used and widely studied till date are the Finnish saunas, which are characterized by high temperatures (ranging from 80–100°C) and dry air with relative humidity varying from 10–20%. The goal of this review is to provide a summary of the current evidence on the impact of passive heat therapies particularly Finnish saunas on various health outcomes, while acknowledging the potential of these therapies to contribute to the extension of healthspan, based on their demonstrated health benefits and disease prevention capabilities. The Finnish saunas have the most consistent and robust evidence regarding health benefits and they have been shown to decrease the risk of health outcomes such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, thromboembolism, dementia, and respiratory conditions; may improve the severity of musculoskeletal disorders, COVID-19, headache and flu, while also improving mental well-being, sleep, and longevity. Finnish saunas may also augment the beneficial effects of other protective lifestyle factors such as physical activity. The beneficial effects of passive heat therapies may be linked to their anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and anti-oxidant properties and synergistic effects on neuroendocrine, circulatory, cardiovascular and immune function. Passive heat therapies, notably Finnish saunas, are emerging as potentially powerful and holistic strategies to promoting health and extending the healthspan in all populations.
被动热疗对延长健康寿命的多方面益处:以芬兰桑拿为重点的全面回顾
摘要 被动热疗的特点是短时间暴露在高温环境中。被动热疗有多种类型,包括热水浴、Waon疗法、水疗、Sanarium、蒸汽浴、红外线桑拿和芬兰桑拿。迄今为止,最常用和研究最广泛的是芬兰桑拿,其特点是温度高(80-100°C 不等),空气干燥,相对湿度在 10-20% 之间。这篇综述的目的是总结被动式热疗法,特别是芬兰桑拿对各种健康结果的影响的现有证据,同时承认这些疗法在促进健康和预防疾病方面的潜力。芬兰桑拿在健康益处方面拥有最一致、最有力的证据,它们已被证明可以降低高血压、心血管疾病、血栓栓塞症、痴呆症和呼吸系统疾病等健康风险;可以改善肌肉骨骼疾病、COVID-19、头痛和流感的严重程度,同时还能改善精神状态、睡眠和长寿。芬兰桑拿还可以增强体育锻炼等其他保护性生活方式的有益效果。被动热疗的有益效果可能与其抗炎、细胞保护和抗氧化特性以及对神经内分泌、循环系统、心血管和免疫功能的协同作用有关。被动热疗法,尤其是芬兰桑拿,正在成为促进所有人群健康和延长健康寿命的潜在强大综合策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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