Health educational strategies for people living with HIV: scoping review

Abstract

Objective: To map the scientific production on educational strategies and the content covered in the education of people living with HIV. Methods: This is a scoping review in which the selection of articles was carried out in April 2021 and updated in October 2022 in ten data sources; the review followed the assumptions established by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the checklist of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The results were descriptively analyzed and summarized in a chart. Results: A total of 17 studies were selected, predominantly published in 2017; The USA and Brazil were the countries with the largest number of productions. Most studies sought to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of strategies and develop or validate health education instruments and prevention activities. Concerning the content covered by the strategies, five categories were formed: initial guidance on HIV/AIDS, general care, healthy living, sexual health, and emotional support. The educational strategies that stood out concerning greater patient adherence to treatment are related to the development of systems, programs, and multimedia. The booklets promoted empowerment and autonomy for people living with HIV. Conclusion: The main educational strategies were mapped, with emphasis on booklets, printed material, multimedia resources, systems, forms, and workshops, covering initial guidance on HIV/AIDS, pharmacological treatment, general care, healthy living, sexual health, and social and emotional support.