Long-Term Performance of Reference Electrodes in Alkaline Radioactive Waste Storage Environments

IF 1.1 4区材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI:10.5006/4520

S. Chawla, Kenneth Evans, Sheewa Feng, N. Sridhar

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Abstract

Accurate measurements of corrosion potential are important for assessing the likelihood of internal localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of carbon steel tanks used for storing radioactive wastes. Reference electrodes in underground radioactive waste storage tanks are challenging to deploy, and more difficult to extract and replace frequently due to radiological exposure and disposal constraints. Hence, electrodes that exhibit stable performance over long periods of immersion in these waste environments are desirable. The present study evaluates the stability of reference electrodes used in radioactive waste storage tanks over a much longer period than previously studied. Long-term tests of Ag/AgCl and Hg/HgO reference electrodes were performed in nonradioactive simulants formulated from wastes stored at the Hanford site. Electrode degradation, which was studied by a variety of in-situ and ex-situ evaluation techniques, was correlated to changes in electrode fill chemistry from waste intrusion via the porous frit junction. An intentional contamination study was performed to better understand and predict contamination effects on electrode potential drift.

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碱性放射性废物贮存环境中基准电极的长期性能

准确测量腐蚀电位对于评估用于储存放射性废物的碳钢储罐发生内部局部腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）的可能性非常重要。地下放射性废物储罐中的参比电极在部署时极具挑战性，而且由于辐射暴露和处置方面的限制，更难经常提取和更换。因此，希望电极能在这些废物环境中长期浸泡，表现出稳定的性能。本研究评估了放射性废物储罐中使用的参比电极在比以往研究更长的时间内的稳定性。银/氯化银和汞/氧化汞参比电极的长期测试是在由汉福德现场储存的废物配制的非放射性模拟物中进行的。通过各种原位和非原位评估技术对电极降解进行了研究，结果表明，电极降解与废物通过多孔熔块交界处侵入造成的电极填充化学变化有关。为了更好地了解和预测污染对电极电位漂移的影响，还进行了一项有意污染研究。

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来源期刊

Corrosion MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： CORROSION is the premier research journal featuring peer-reviewed technical articles from the world’s top researchers and provides a permanent record of progress in the science and technology of corrosion prevention and control. The scope of the journal includes the latest developments in areas of corrosion metallurgy, mechanisms, predictors, cracking (sulfide stress, stress corrosion, hydrogen-induced), passivation, and CO2 corrosion. 70+ years and over 7,100 peer-reviewed articles with advances in corrosion science and engineering have been published in CORROSION. The journal publishes seven article types – original articles, invited critical reviews, technical notes, corrosion communications fast-tracked for rapid publication, special research topic issues, research letters of yearly annual conference student poster sessions, and scientific investigations of field corrosion processes. CORROSION, the Journal of Science and Engineering, serves as an important communication platform for academics, researchers, technical libraries, and universities. Articles considered for CORROSION should have significant permanent value and should accomplish at least one of the following objectives: • Contribute awareness of corrosion phenomena, • Advance understanding of fundamental process, and/or • Further the knowledge of techniques and practices used to reduce corrosion.