Hypoglycemic episodes among type 1 diabetic patients in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia: causes, management, and associated factors

IF 0.7 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Diabetes Mellitus Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI:10.14341/dm13112
S.K.S. Aldekheel, M.A. Shahin
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent condition in Saudi Arabia, with approximately 20% of the adult population affected, ranking sixth highest in the world. This disease is associated with both acute and chronic complications. Among these complications, hypoglycemia is particularly dangerous and can occur during diabetes treatment. Individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes may experience multiple episodes of asymptomatic or symptomatic hypoglycemia per week.AIM: To assess the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes and identify associated factors among individuals with type 1 diabetes in Unaizah City, Saudi Arabia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive research design was employed in April and May of 2023. A convenience sample of 280 type 1 diabetic clients living in the Qassim region of Unaizah City was selected. Participants completed an electronic structured questionnaire that collected information on sociodemographic factors and hypoglycemia-related data. Descriptive statistics and a Chi-square test were used for data analysis, utilizing SPSS version 23. Ethical considerations were strictly adhered to throughout the study.RESULTS: The findings revealed that over two-thirds of the participants (72.1%) reported experiencing hypoglycemic episodes within the past week. Furthermore, more than one-fifth of these individuals attributed the cause of the episodes to high insulin doses (21%). Seeking medical assistance to change medications for hypoglycemia was reported by more than half of the participants (55.4%), while less than half received help from others during hypoglycemic episodes (42.9%). It was observed that adherence to diabetic medication was higher than adherence to diabetic diet and exercise regimens. Males, as well as single or divorced participants, reported a higher frequency of hypoglycemic episodes. Additionally, patients with higher levels of education and those residing in rural regions reported a higher exposure to hypoglycemic episodes.CONCLUSION: The effective management of hypoglycemia necessitates patient education and awareness regarding its causes and symptoms. Targeted interventions are required to improve adherence to therapeutic regimens and lifestyle modifications. Furthermore, when managing hypoglycemia, it is important to consider the gender, marital status, educational level, and residence of diabetic patients.
沙特阿拉伯乌奈扎 1 型糖尿病患者的低血糖发作:原因、管理和相关因素
背景:糖尿病是沙特阿拉伯的一种流行病,约有 20% 的成年人患有糖尿病,居世界第六位。这种疾病同时伴有急性和慢性并发症。在这些并发症中,低血糖尤其危险,在糖尿病治疗过程中也可能发生。目的:评估沙特阿拉伯乌纳扎市 1 型糖尿病患者低血糖发作的频率,并确定相关因素。材料和方法:2023 年 4 月和 5 月,采用了定量、横断面、描述性研究设计。研究选取了居住在乌奈扎市卡西姆地区的 280 名 1 型糖尿病患者作为样本。参与者填写了一份电子结构化问卷,其中收集了有关社会人口学因素和低血糖相关数据的信息。数据分析采用了 SPSS 23 版本的描述性统计和卡方检验。结果:研究结果显示,超过三分之二的参与者(72.1%)表示在过去一周内曾出现低血糖症状。此外,超过五分之一的参与者(21%)将低血糖发作的原因归咎于胰岛素剂量过高。半数以上的参与者(55.4%)表示曾因低血糖而寻求医疗帮助以更换药物,而不到半数的参与者(42.9%)在低血糖发作时得到了他人的帮助。据观察,对糖尿病药物治疗的依从性高于对糖尿病饮食和运动疗法的依从性。男性、单身或离异的参与者发生低血糖的频率较高。结论:要有效控制低血糖,必须对患者进行教育,提高他们对低血糖原因和症状的认识。需要采取有针对性的干预措施,以提高患者对治疗方案和生活方式调整的依从性。此外,在管理低血糖症时,必须考虑糖尿病患者的性别、婚姻状况、教育水平和居住地。
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来源期刊
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
40.00%
发文量
61
审稿时长
7 weeks
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