A Comparison of the Protective Effect of Pyridoxine and N-Acetylcysteine in Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

Paracetamol is a common over the counter drug. Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity results in over 300,000 hospitalizations each year and accounts for up to 42% of all cases of acute liver failure. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a potential antidote to manage paracetamol toxicity. Objective: To investigate the effects of pyridoxine, alone and in combination with NAC in repairing paracetamol-induced liver damage in male Wister rats. Methods: A single oral dose of paracetamol (650 mg/kg) was administered to Wistar rats to induce hepatotoxicity. The hepato-protective effects of NAC at a dose 300 mg/kg, and pyridoxine (200 mg/kg) were evaluated using standard liver function tests and histopathological along with serum glutathione levels. Results: The administration of pyridoxine and NAC resulted in a significant decrease in AST, ALT, and total bilirubin levels and the reversal of histopathological changes. Conversely, administering NAC and pyridoxine in combination yielded significant changes except for the glutathione level. Conclusions: The study concluded that pyridoxine may be used as a potential hepatoprotective drug in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. In combination with NAC, it showed protective effects in paracetamol-induced hepatoxicity.