Seropositivity of Anti-CMV IgM Antibody among Women of Child-Bearing Age Attending Selected Hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Anchau Zainab Garba, Suleiman Ahmad Babangida, Olonitola O. Stephen, Kwanashie Clara, Zainab Garba, Anchau
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Abstract

Human Cytomegalovirus is one of the most common cause of congenital viral infections. The study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus among women of child-bearing age attending selected hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of 228 blood samples were obtained from the women and processed serologically using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In addition, structured questionnaire was used to determine socio-demographic and risk factors associated with Human Cytomegalovirus infection. Out of the 228 women, 215 (94.3%) were positive for anti-CMV IgM. The highest seroprevalence was observed among women belonging to age group 15-24 (98.8%), those with secondary level of education (98%), those living in the urban areas (95%), the civil servants (100%), the married (94.2%) and those of medium socioeconomic status (94.9%). A statistical significant difference was observed between the age groups only (p = 0.000). With respect to risk factors, female patients; with no sex partners (100%), with history of blood transfusion (96.7%), who do not wash their hands with soap after changing baby’s diaper (95.5%), who wash their hands after contact with children’s urine (94.7%) and those in close contact with children had highest seroprevalence (94.4%). No statistical significant association was observed between Human Cytomegalovirus infection and the risk factors considered. Female patients should be educated on the transmission routes as well as preventive measures of Human cytomegalovirus infections.
尼日利亚卡杜纳州部分医院育龄妇女的抗 CMV IgM 抗体血清阳性率
人类巨细胞病毒是导致先天性病毒感染的最常见原因之一。本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚卡杜纳州选定医院就诊的育龄妇女中人类巨细胞病毒的血清流行率。研究共采集了 228 份妇女血液样本,并使用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对样本进行了血清学处理。此外,还使用结构式问卷调查来确定与巨细胞病毒感染相关的社会人口学因素和风险因素。在 228 名妇女中,215 人(94.3%)的抗巨细胞病毒 IgM 呈阳性。血清阳性率最高的是 15-24 岁年龄组的妇女(98.8%)、受过中等教育的妇女(98%)、居住在城市地区的妇女(95%)、公务员(100%)、已婚妇女(94.2%)和社会经济地位中等的妇女(94.9%)。只有年龄组之间存在明显的统计学差异(P = 0.000)。在风险因素方面,女性患者、无性伴侣者(100%)、有输血史者(96.7%)、给婴儿换尿布后不用肥皂洗手者(95.5%)、接触儿童尿液后洗手者(94.7%)和与儿童密切接触者的血清流行率最高(94.4%)。人类巨细胞病毒感染与所考虑的风险因素之间没有明显的统计学关联。女性患者应了解巨细胞病毒感染的传播途径和预防措施。
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