DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON CULTIVATION OF ANIMAL CELLS AND TISSUES

T.M. Lutsenko
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Abstract

Animal cell cultures have found applications in various fields, from basic to advanced research. This includes studying the fundamentals of cell biology, mechanisms of the cell cycle, specialized cell functions, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, toxicity testing for the study of new drugs, gene therapy for replacing non-functional genes with functional cells, characterization of cancer cells, understanding the role of various chemical substances, viruses, and radiation in cancer cells, vaccine production, monoclonal antibodies, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, the cultivation of viruses for use in vaccine production, such as for diseases like rabies, hepatitis B, and measles, is another important application of animal cell cultures. Aim. The purpose of this study was to analyze the literature data on the use of animal cell lines in genetic engineering, therapy, xenotransplantation, biopharmaceuticals, the food industry, and research. Methods. An analytical review of literature data was conducted using the information analysis of Medline (PubMed), Web of Science and Scopus databases, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and other sources up to the inclusive year 2023 using the keywords: “animal cell lines”, “immunobiological preparations”, “xenotransplantation”, “biopharmaceuticals”, “genetic engineering”. Results. An analysis of research related to the use of animal cells in the biopharmaceutical industry was carried out, and considerations regarding the prospects for their use in various research and production technologies were outlined. Conclusion. The technology of cultivating animal cells has become a fundamental tool in the development of research in the field of biotechnological sciences. The ability to culture animal cells in vitro has allowed the development of innovative methods, such as iPSC and organ-on-a-chip models, which have provided valuable information about disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Although there are some challenges with the use of animal cells related to variability in differentiation efficiency and concerns about safety and efficacy, further studies are needed to optimize protocols and overcome these limitations. Overall, animal cell culture technology remains an important component of modern biomedical research and has the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine.
开发基于动物细胞和组织培养的新技术的方向
动物细胞培养物已应用于从基础研究到高级研究的各个领域。这包括研究细胞生物学基础、细胞周期机制、特殊细胞功能、细胞-细胞和细胞-基质相互作用、研究新药物的毒性测试、用功能细胞取代无功能基因的基因治疗、癌细胞特征描述、了解各种化学物质、病毒和辐射在癌细胞中的作用、疫苗生产、单克隆抗体和制药。此外,动物细胞培养物的另一个重要用途是培养病毒用于疫苗生产,如狂犬病、乙型肝炎和麻疹等疾病的疫苗。研究目的本研究旨在分析有关动物细胞系在基因工程、治疗、异种移植、生物制药、食品工业和研究中的应用的文献数据。研究方法利用 Medline (PubMed)、Web of Science 和 Scopus 数据库、Google Scholar、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL),以及截至 2023 年(含 2023 年)的其他来源的信息分析,使用关键词对文献数据进行了分析综述:"动物细胞系"、"免疫生物学制剂"、"异种移植"、"生物制药"、"基因工程"。结果对生物制药行业使用动物细胞的相关研究进行了分析,并概述了在各种研究和生产技术中使用动物细胞的前景。结论。动物细胞培养技术已成为生物技术科学领域研究发展的基本工具。体外培养动物细胞的能力使得 iPSC 和芯片器官模型等创新方法得以发展,为疾病机制和潜在治疗目标提供了宝贵的信息。尽管动物细胞的使用面临一些挑战,如分化效率的可变性以及安全性和有效性方面的担忧,但仍需进一步研究以优化方案并克服这些限制。总之,动物细胞培养技术仍然是现代生物医学研究的重要组成部分,并有可能彻底改变再生医学领域。
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