A review of 17O isotopic labeling techniques for solid-state NMR structural studies of metal oxides in lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Recent advances in utilizing ¹⁷O isotopic labeling methods for solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigations of metal oxides for lithium-ion batteries have yielded extensive insights into their structural and dynamic details. Herein, we commence with a brief introduction to recent research on lithium-ion battery oxide materials studied using ¹⁷O solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Then we delve into a review of ¹⁷O isotopic labeling methods for tagging oxygen sites in both the bulk and surfaces of metal oxides. At last, the unresolved problems and the future research directions for advancing the ¹⁷O labeling technique are discussed.