The general intelligence of GPT–4, its knowledge diffusive and societal influences, and its governance

Abstract

Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) research include advancements in natural language processing (NLP) achieved by large language models (LLMs), and; in particular, generative pre–trained transformer (GPT) architectures. The latest GPT developed by OpenAI, GPT–4, has shown remarkable intelligence across various domains and tasks. It exhibits capabilities in abstraction, comprehension, vision, computer coding, mathematics, and more, suggesting it to be a significant step towards artificial general intelligence (AGI), a level of AI that possesses capabilities similar to human intelligence. This paper explores this AGI, its knowledge diffusive and societal influences, and its governance. In addition to coverage of the major associated topics studied in the literature, and making up for their loopholes, we scrutinize how GPT-4 can facilitate the diffusion of knowledge across different areas of science by promoting their interpretability and explainability (IE) to inexperts. Where applicable, the topics are also accompanied by their specific potential implications on medical imaging.