Chart4Blind: An Intelligent Interface for Chart Accessibility Conversion

ArXiv Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1145/3640543.3645175
Omar Moured, Morris Baumgarten-Egemole, Alina Roitberg, Karin Müller, Thorsten Schwarz, Rainer Stiefelhagen
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Abstract

In a world driven by data visualization, ensuring the inclusive accessibility of charts for Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) individuals remains a significant challenge. Charts are usually presented as raster graphics without textual and visual metadata needed for an equivalent exploration experience for BVI people. Additionally, converting these charts into accessible formats requires considerable effort from sighted individuals. Digitizing charts with metadata extraction is just one aspect of the issue; transforming it into accessible modalities, such as tactile graphics, presents another difficulty. To address these disparities, we propose Chart4Blind, an intelligent user interface that converts bitmap image representations of line charts into universally accessible formats. Chart4Blind achieves this transformation by generating Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Comma-Separated Values (CSV), and alternative text exports, all comply with established accessibility standards. Through interviews and a formal user study, we demonstrate that even inexperienced sighted users can make charts accessible in an average of 4 minutes using Chart4Blind, achieving a System Usability Scale rating of 90%. In comparison to existing approaches, Chart4Blind provides a comprehensive solution, generating end-to-end accessible SVGs suitable for assistive technologies such as embossed prints (papers and laser cut), 2D tactile displays, and screen readers. For additional information, including open-source codes and demos, please visit our project page https://moured.github.io/chart4blind/.
Chart4Blind:图表无障碍转换的智能界面
在以数据可视化为驱动力的世界里,确保盲人和视障人士(BVI)能够无障碍地使用图表仍然是一项重大挑战。图表通常以光栅图形的形式呈现,没有为盲人和视障人士提供同等探索体验所需的文字和视觉元数据。此外,将这些图表转换为无障碍格式需要视力正常的人付出相当大的努力。将图表数字化并提取元数据只是问题的一个方面,将其转换为无障碍模式(如触觉图形)则是另一个难题。为了解决这些差异,我们提出了 Chart4Blind,这是一个智能用户界面,可将线形图的位图图像表示转换为普遍可访问的格式。Chart4Blind 通过生成可缩放矢量图形 (SVG)、逗号分隔值 (CSV) 和替代文本导出来实现这种转换,所有这些都符合既定的无障碍标准。通过访谈和正式的用户研究,我们证明了即使是缺乏经验的视力正常用户也能使用 Chart4Blind 在平均 4 分钟内制作出无障碍图表,系统可用性量表评分达到 90%。与现有方法相比,Chart4Blind 提供了一个全面的解决方案,可生成端到端的无障碍 SVG,适用于浮雕印刷(纸张和激光切割)、二维触觉显示器和屏幕阅读器等辅助技术。如需了解更多信息,包括开放源代码和演示,请访问我们的项目页面 https://moured.github.io/chart4blind/。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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