Microvariation in verbal rather

IF 0.3 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Jim Wood
{"title":"Microvariation in verbal rather","authors":"Jim Wood","doi":"10.1075/lv.22026.woo","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n This paper uses survey results to analyze patterns of judgments across different versions of the non-standard\n verbal use of the word rather, which can take participial morphology, as in rathered. Across\n numerous possible instantiations of the construction, there appear to be in fact a quite limited number of grammars, which are\n generated by an implicational hierarchy of functional heads, along with the availability of a silent verb have. The\n overall picture supports several broader conclusions. First, bare-infinitive–selecting verbs are nearly “closed class” because\n they have special syntactic properties that go beyond semantic or even syntactic selection: they must value the temporal verbal\n features of the embedded verb, or else provide a structural context for such valuation. Second, silent verbs can be licensed by\n head-moving to a modal head in the extended projection. This movement is freely available, but silence demands recoverability,\n which limits its application only to certain verbs, and certain uses/meanings of those verbs. Third, in addition to previously\n known configurations for building parasitic participle constructions, movement of a lower verb to a higher verb can extend the\n phase of the lower verb and lead to its silence. Fourth, the distribution of rather suggests that volitional\n meaning is not a primitive, but is constructed from smaller primitives. Finally, microvariation reveals a tight connection among\n logically distinct functional heads, suggesting that they are not acquired independently of each other, but interact in\n significant ways.","PeriodicalId":53947,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Variation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Linguistic Variation","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1075/lv.22026.woo","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper uses survey results to analyze patterns of judgments across different versions of the non-standard verbal use of the word rather, which can take participial morphology, as in rathered. Across numerous possible instantiations of the construction, there appear to be in fact a quite limited number of grammars, which are generated by an implicational hierarchy of functional heads, along with the availability of a silent verb have. The overall picture supports several broader conclusions. First, bare-infinitive–selecting verbs are nearly “closed class” because they have special syntactic properties that go beyond semantic or even syntactic selection: they must value the temporal verbal features of the embedded verb, or else provide a structural context for such valuation. Second, silent verbs can be licensed by head-moving to a modal head in the extended projection. This movement is freely available, but silence demands recoverability, which limits its application only to certain verbs, and certain uses/meanings of those verbs. Third, in addition to previously known configurations for building parasitic participle constructions, movement of a lower verb to a higher verb can extend the phase of the lower verb and lead to its silence. Fourth, the distribution of rather suggests that volitional meaning is not a primitive, but is constructed from smaller primitives. Finally, microvariation reveals a tight connection among logically distinct functional heads, suggesting that they are not acquired independently of each other, but interact in significant ways.
言语的微观差异
本文利用调查结果分析了 "ather "一词的非标准动词用法的不同版本的判断模式,"ather "可以像 "athered "那样使用分词形态。在该结构的众多可能实例中,似乎只有数量相当有限的语法,这些语法是由功能词头的蕴涵层次结构以及无声动词 have 的可用性产生的。总体情况支持几个更广泛的结论。首先,裸不定式选择动词几乎是 "封闭类 "的,因为它们具有特殊的句法属性,超越了语义甚至句法选择:它们必须重视嵌入动词的时间动词特征,或者为这种重视提供结构语境。其次,无声动词可以通过在扩展投射中将头移动到情态头来获得许可。这种移动可以自由使用,但无声要求可恢复性,这就限制了它只适用于某些动词,以及这些动词的某些用法/意义。第三,除了以前已知的构建寄生分词结构的配置外,低级动词向高级动词的移动可以扩展低级动词的相位并导致其沉默。第四,"而是 "的分布表明,意志意义不是一个基元,而是由更小的基元构建而成的。最后,微变异揭示了逻辑上不同的功能词头之间的紧密联系,表明它们不是独立获得的,而是以重要的方式相互作用的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Linguistic Variation
Linguistic Variation LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
期刊介绍: Linguistic Variation is an international, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on the study of linguistic variation. It seeks to investigate to what extent the study of linguistic variation can shed light on the broader issue of language-particular versus language-universal properties, on the interaction between what is fixed and necessary on the one hand and what is variable and contingent on the other. This enterprise involves properly defining and delineating the notion of linguistic variation by identifying loci of variation. What are the variable properties of natural language and what is its invariant core?
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信